Title: THE JAPANESE EMPIRE
1THE JAPANESE EMPIRE
2COMMODORE PERRY AND THE BLACK SHIPS
- US sends Commodore Matthew Perry and a small
fleet to open Japan to trade and diplomatic
relations - In 1854.
- Creates tumultuous period of change in Japanese
society
3MEIJI RESTORATION - 1868
- Young emperor takes over ends era of shoguns
- Embarks on rapid modernization of all facets of
Japanese life.
4JAPANS MODELS FOR MODERNIZATION
- Emissaries sent out to West to find best ways to
do things - Britain navy
- U.S. factories and technology, education
- Germany government
5RAPID MODERNIZATION
6Looking for influence in China
7SINO-JAPANESE WAR - 1895
- Japan decisively defeats China gains concessions
in Manchuria
8RUSSO-JAPANESE WAR - 1905
- Japan and Russia in conflict over influence in
Korea and Manchuria. Japan claims Korea.
9RUSSO-JAPANESE WAR
- Japan launches a surprise attack on a Russian
concession in Manchuria
10Battle of Tsushima Strait
- Japanese fleet destroys Russian Pacific fleet in
two hours.
11JAPAN AND KOREA TAIWAN
- Japan makes Korea and Taiwan full colonies of its
empire.
12TREATY OF PORTSMOUTH
- US President Theodore Roosevelt mediates.
131920s RISE OF MILITARISM
- Japan feels cheated after World War I.
- New emperor Hirohito
- Rise of fanatic nationalists and military
societies
14EMPEROR HIROHITO
- Fanatical loyalty to emperor
15AGGRESSION STEP 1 MANCHURIA 1931
16STEP 2 INVASION OF CHINA 1937
- Japan invades China begins conquest
- Greatly angers US.
- First step toward World War II in Asia.
17JAPANESE ATROCITIES
18GREATER EAST ASIA CO-PROSPERITY SPHERE
19JAPAN AS AN AXIS POWER
- Joins Germany and Italy in 1938
20JAPANESE ATROCITIES UNIT 731
21(No Transcript)
22UNIT 731
- Cruel and barbaric medical experiments on Chinese
prisoners and peasants - Developed germ warfare weapons
- Doctors never punished
23LEADERS TOJO and YAMAMOTO
24WHY THE ATTACK ON PEARL HARBOR?
25JAPANESE VICTORIES - 1942
- Surprise attack worked against Russia in 1905.
- Japan needed to neutralize American fleet in
order to take over Southeast Asia with its
resources. - Philippines, Indochina, Indonesia, Malaya all
fall. - Singapore is worst defeat ever suffered by
British Army. 150,000 prisoners taken by
Japanese.
26TURNING POINT BATTLE OF MIDWAY
27AMERICAN BOMBING
- All but four major Japanese cities bombed, incl.
Tokyo. Many are fire-bombed, many civilians
killed. - Atomic bombing of Hiroshima and Nagasaki finally
forces unconditional surrender of Japan - Reluctance to surrender unconditionally for fear
of losing emperor, also loyalty and honor.
28EFFECT ON JAPANS PSYHOLOGY