Properties of Matter Definitions

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Properties of MatterDefinitions

• Matter - anything that has mass and takes up
  space
• Mass - amount of matter an object contains
• Substance (pure) - matter that has a uniform
  composition
• Ex. Sugar - C12H22O11
• Lemonade is not a pure substance

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Properties of MatterStates of Matter (Solid)

• Definite shape
• Definite volume
• Is incompressible (atom or molecules can not be
  pushed closer together)
• Examples -
• coal, sugar, ice, etc

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Properties of MatterStates of Matter (Liquid)

• Matter that flows
• Has a fixed volume
• Takes the shape of its container
• Incompressible
• Examples
• Water, milk, blood, etc

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Properties of MatterStates of Matter (Gas)

• Matter that takes the shape and volume of its
  container
• Easily compressed
• Examples
• Oxygen, nitrogen, helium, etc

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States of Matter Video
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Properties of MatterPhysical Property

• An observed condition of the substance
• Physical properties help identify substances
• Examples include
• Color
• Solubility
• Odor
• Density
• Hardness
• Melting point (m.p.)
• Boiling point (b.p.)
• Malleability
• Ductility
• Luster

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Properties of MatterPhysical Change

• A change which alters a given material without
  changing its composition
• Nothing new is made
• Example
• Ice melting - new state of matter but substance
  is still H2O
• Vapor - a substance that is in a gaseous state
  but liquid at room temp

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Change of State - a physical change
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Properties of MatterChemical Property

• The ability or inability of a substance to
  rearrange its atoms.
• Example
• Gasoline has the ability to react violently with
  oxygen

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Physical and Chemical Properties
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Properties of MatterChemical Change

• The actual rearrangement of atoms
• Example
• The combustion of gasoline to make carbon
  monoxide, carbon dioxide, carbon, water (this
  produces a great amount of energy)

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Classifying a physical or chemical change

• Ask yourself these questions
• 1. Has something new been made?
• If yes than a chemical change occurred
• Indicators - color change, formation of
  precipitate, absorption or release of energy,
  formation of a gas
• 2. What does it take to get back to the original
  form?
• If a physical process can revert it back than the
  change was physical.

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A chemical change
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Classify the following as a physical or chemical
change

• A sidewalk cracking
• Blood clotting
• Getting a tan
• Making Kool-Aid
• Making a hard boiled egg
• Plastic melting in the sun
• Autumn leaf colors
• Digestion of food

• The ripening of a banana
• Making ice cubes
• Milk curdling
• Turning on the television
• Making toast
• Mowing the grass
• Paint fading
• Grey hair