Properties of Matter

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Properties of Matter

• Investigative Science

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Learning Objectives

1. Be able to identify physical properties of matter
2. Be able to identify chemical properties of matter

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What is Matter?

• Matter is anything that is made up of particles,
  has mass, and takes up space.
• Quick Question
• Would air be classified as matter or not?

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Yes, indeed it is!

• It wasnt until 1654 in Germany that Otto Von
  Guericke showed that air is matter in an
  experiment.
• Today, we can observe that air takes up space by
  blowing up balloons. We can compare the mass of
  air in the balloons with a balance.

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Properties of Matter

• Physical Properties Characteristics of a
  substance that do not change the chemical makeup
  of the substance.
• Chemical Properties - Characteristics of a
  substance that do change the chemical makeup of
  the substance. How a material reacts or fails to
  react in the presence of another material to form
  a new material.

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Physical Properties of Matter

• State of Matter
• Melting Point
• Boiling Point
• Density
• Conductivity
• Uniformity
• Texture
• Strength

• Bounce
• Malleability
• Luster
• Conductivity
• Elasticity
• Bounce
• Odor
• Taste

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Some Physical Properties

• State of Matter
• Three common states are solid, liquid, gas
• Melting Point
• When matter changes from Solid ? Liquid
• Boiling Point
• When matter changes from Liquid ? Gas
• Density
• Measurement of mass per unit volume
• Conductivity
• How well a substance conducts heat and
  electricity.

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Can you identify the physical properties of
matter by pictures?
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MORE Physical Properties

• Uniformity
• The consistency of the substance throughout it
• Texture
• The feel of the surface of the substance
• Strength
• How well a substance withstands the application
  of a force
• Bounce
• Ability of a substance to rebound to its original
  position
• Malleability
• Ability of a substance to be hammered into
  various shapes without breaking or crumbling

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Can you identify the physical properties of
matter by pictures?
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And Yet MORE Physical Properties

• Luster
• A substance that reflects light
• Elasticity
• A substance returns to its normal size and shape
  after a force has been applied and caused a
  deformation.
• Odor
• Some examples are sweet, foul, sour, etc.
• Taste
• Some examples are sweet, sour, salty, bitter,
  etc.
• Typically not done in a science classroom

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Can you identify the physical properties of
matter by pictures?
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What are the States of Matter?

• Solid
• Liquid
• Gas
• Plasma
• Bose-Einstein
• The three forms we commonly talk about are
  solid, liquid, and gas.

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States of Matter

• 1. SOLID A solid has definite shape and definite
  volume. An example of a solid would be ice.
• 2. LIQUID A liquid has shape defined by its
  container and defined volume. An example would be
  liquid water.

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MORE States of Matter

• 3. GAS A gas has undefined shape and undefined
  volume. An example of a gas is water vapor
  (steam).
• 4. PLASMA Somewhat like gases. Are the most
  common state in the visible universe. (stars,
  lightning)
• 5. BOSE-EINSTEIN Atoms at a very low
  temperature. They slow down so much they lose
  their individual identity.

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Chemical Properties of Matter

• Reactivity The main classification of all
  chemical properties of matter.
• Flammability
• Combustion
• Tarnishing
• Hardening
• Explosion

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Some Examples of Chemical Properties

• Rusting of iron on a bicycle when it is left out
  in the rain.
• Iron Oxygen ? Iron Oxide
• Combustion of coal
• Tarnishing of silver
• Hardening of cement
• Explosion of dynamite