Major Battles of the Civil War:

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Major Battles of the Civil War

• Manassas, Virginia Bull Run

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Manassas Junction, Va.

• This was the first major land battle of the Civil
  War
• Around Union 28,500 troops are going to battle
  32,000 Confederate troops for control of an
  important rail road junction in Northern
  Virginia.
• Many people from both sides thought this battle
  would determine the outcome of the war.

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Bull Run Creek
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Nice Day for a Picnic?

• People, including Senators from Washington D.C.
  came to the area to relax, watch the fight, and
  picnic.
• What they saw caused them to panic and scramble
  home in a disorganized chaos.

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Where is Bull Run Located
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How were they organized?

• With all of the thousands of soldiers fighting
  how were they organized?
• Company 100 soldiers
• Regiment 10 Companies
• Brigade 5 Regiments
• Division 2 or 3 Brigades
• Corps 2 or 3 Divisions

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A Short War?

• On a warm July day in 1861, two armies of a
  divided nation clashed for the first time on the
  fields overlooking Bull Run. Their ranks were
  filled with enthusiastic young volunteers in
  colorful new uniforms, gathered together from
  every part of the country. Confident that their
  foes would run at the first shot, the raw
  recruits were thankful that they would not miss
  the only battle of what surely would be a short
  war. But any thought of colorful pageantry was
  suddenly lost in the smoke, din, dirt, and death
  of battle. Soldiers on both sides were stunned by
  the violence and destruction they encountered. At
  day's end nearly 900 young men lay lifeless on
  the fields. Ten hours of heavy fighting swept
  away any notion the war's outcome would be
  decided quickly.

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Union Takes the Advantage

• Early on in the battle it seemed as if the Union
  would win in rather easy fashion.

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Thomas Stonewall Jackson

• Look, there is Jackson standing like a stone
  wall!, Rally around the Virginians boys.
  General Bernard Bee N.C.

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Desperate Fighting

• In just five minutes of fighting the 5th New
  York Regiment lost 123 men.

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The Confederates force the Union Army to Retreat.
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Casualties

• The 4,700 casualties would seem like a lot at the
  time, however in this war, many thousands would
  follow.

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Change in Leadership

• McDowell was relieved of command of the Union
  army and replaced by Maj. Gen. George B.
  McClellan, who set about reorganizing and
  training the troops.

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Results

• Confederate Victory
• This battle convinced both sides that the war
  would be a long and costly affair.
• Manassas National Battlefield Park Home Page