The Last of the Stuarts

1
The Last of the Stuarts

• 1689-1714

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Role of the Monarch

• Chief Executive
• Limits
• Parliament controls money
• No absolutism
• No standing army

3
Monarchs Authority

• Commander in Chief
• Civil List
• Ministers

4
British vs. U.S. Systems

• Executive
• Legislative Cooperation
• Commanders in Chief
• Appointed Judges
• Veto in theory

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Scrofula

• Henry IV of France bestowing the Kings Touch

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Population in 1700

• 5.5 Million (England and Wales)
• Army 70,000
• Navy 50,000

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The Party System

• Whigs vs. Tories
• Elections every three years

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Whigs

• Agree with Revolution Settlement
• Tolerate Religious Dissenters
• War with France a good thing
• Wealthy
• Religion a formality

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Tories

• Support Kings power
• C of E only true Church
• Flirted with Jacobitism

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Party Label

• Issues limited
• Court vs. Country
• Loyal Opposition not yet accepted

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Ireland and Scotland
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Battle of the Boyne
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Act of Union (1707)

• Common Parliament
• 45 Scottish, 513 English MPs
• 16 Scottish, 190 English Peers
• Common weights and measures
• Common Taxation
• No Tariff Barriers

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Differences

• Scots keep legal system
• Presbyterian Church

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Dynastic Succession

• Sophia, Electress of Hanover
• Prince George
• Act of Settlement (1701)
• King George I