Present and Pluperfect Subjunctive

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Present and Pluperfect Subjunctive
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Present Perfect Subjunctive

• Remember how the present perfect indicative is
  the present (indicative) of haber the past
  participle? Well, the present perfect
  subjunctive is the present subjunctive of haber
  (which, like the present indicative of haber,
  is irregular) the past participle
• haya hablado hayamos hablado
• hayas hablado hayáis hablado
• haya hablado hayan hablado

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• As you might expect, the present perfect
  subjunctive translates just like the present
  perfect indicative
• ha hablado he has spoken
• haya hablado he has spoken
• You use the present perfect subjunctive
  whenever you need the subjunctive
• Sabemos que Juan ha comido. We know that Juan
  has eaten.
• Dudamos que Juan haya comido. We doubt that
  Juan has
• 
  eaten.

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Pluperfect (Past Perfect) Subjunctive

• The past perfect subjunctive is the past
  (imperfect) subjunctive of haber the past
  participle. Remember that the way you get the
  past (imperfect) subjunctive root is to go to the
  third person plural of the preterit. The
  preterit of haber is hubieron.
• hubiera hablado hubiéramos hablado
• hubieras hablado hubierais hablado
• hubiera hablado hubieran hablado

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• The pluperfect subjunctive translates the same
  way the pluperfect indicative does
• había hablado he had spoken
• hubiera hablado he had spoken
• You use the pluperfect subjunctive whenever you
  need the subjunctive rather than the indicative
• Sabíamos que había comido. We knew that he had
  eaten.
• Dudábamos que hubiera comido. We doubted that
  he
• 
  had eaten.

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• Click here to go to a brief practice exercise.