Combating nuclear smuggling

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• Combating nuclear smuggling
• in Ukraine

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Table of Contents

• Section 1 Physical protection of nuclear
  materials stored in facilities
• Section 2Revealing of illegal turnover cases
• Section 3 Revealing of nuclear smuggling on
  Ukrainian border

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Section 1

• Physical protection of nuclear materials stored
  in facilities

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Known nuclear and radiation objects

• 4 NPPs in Zaporozhye, Rovno, Khmelnitsky,
  Yuzhno-Ukrainsk consisting of 15 Units (in
  operation) and Chernobyl NPP is in
  decommissioning
• Shelter object
• 2 research reactors in Kiev and Sevastopol
• 1 subcritical and 1 critical assembly in
  Sebastopol
• uranium mining and reprocessing enterprises in
  Zholtie Vody, Kirovograd region.
• State Enterprise for radioactive waste
  management Radon emergency teams (Ministry for
  Emergencies)
• And there are about 2 500 users and about 80
  000 sealed radioactive sources (medical sources
  not included)

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Nuclear facilities in Ukraine
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Section 2

• Revealing of illegal
• turnover cases

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Resolution 813 of June 2nd, 2003 of the Cabinet
of Ministers

• Procedure for interaction of executive
  authorities and relevant entities nuclear energy
  in the case of radioactive sources detecting in
  illicit trafficking

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Procedure for interaction

• Executive authorities which carry out
  preliminary inspection of suspicious material at
  the place of detection are (one of them)
• Local executive authorities
• Ministry of Internal Affairs
• Security Service (SBU)?
• State Border Guard Service
• State Customs Service
• Local executive authorities are in charge of
  co-ordination of authorities activity.

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Radiological inspection on site

• Ministry of Ecology
• Sanitary and Epidemic Service
• These authorities carry out the radiological
  inspection of suspicious material at the place of
  detection and prepare the report concerning
  radiological situation and necessary individual
  protection measures.
• The report is to be delivered to local executive
  authority.

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Nuclear forensics of interdicted ionizing
radiation sources

• Scientific Center Institute for Nuclear
  Research(National Academy of Science)?
• It determines
• characteristics of seized materials
• their origin
• isotopic content
• the level of enrichment
• provision for temporary storage.

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Transportation of seized IRS

• State enterprise for radioactive waste
  management Radon emergency teams
• (Ministry for Emergencies)?
• A source shall be
• taken away by emergency team,
• placed at special enterprise on radioactive waste
  management,
• stored until an owner will be found or criminal
  case will be closed.

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State Nuclear Regulatory Committee of Ukraine

• State regulation in the field of illicit
  trafficking prevention
• Coordination of activities all parties involved
  in development of legislative base
• Preventive activities (improvement of the
  physical protection of nuclear facilities and
  nuclear materials both in storing, and operation,
  and transportation)
• Coordination of interactions between executive
  authorities and other domestic agencies with
  IAEA
• Managing local database of illicit trafficking
  incidents and sending information to IAEAs ITDB.

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Criminal proceedings and investigation

• Law enforcement agencies
• Ministry of Internal Affairs
• Security Service (SBU).

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201. Smuggling

• Transfer of goods over custom frontier
• without custom control or hiding from custom
  control or
• illegal transfer of historical treasures,
  poisonous, potent, radioactive or explosive
  materials, weapon and ammunition or
• smuggling of strategic raw products which are
  covered by special export regulations
• shall be punishable by restraint of liberty for a
  term from three to seven years

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265. Illegal handling of radioactive materials

• Purchasing, transporting, storing, using,
  transferring, destroying of radioactive materials
• ionizing radiation sources,
• radioactive substances,
• nuclear materials
• in any physical state, in device or product
• shall be punishable by restraint of liberty for a
  term from two to five years

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267. Violation of regulations for handling
radioactive materials

• Violating of regulations for storage, usage,
  registration, transportation of explosives and
  radioactive materials along with sending these
  materials by post or in cargo if it might cause
  human deaths or other grave consequences
• shall be punishable by a fine up to 50 tax-free
  minimum incomes of citizens, or correctional
  labour for a term up to two years or limitation
  of freedom for a term up to three years or
  imprisonment for a term up to three years

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• 265-1. Illegal making of nuclear explosive device
  or device scattering radioactive material or
  emitting radiation

• Illegal making of
• any nuclear explosive device
• device scattering radioactive material
• device emitting radiation
• And which may cause human death, health hazard or
  environmental pollution

shall be punishable by restraint of liberty from
two to five years
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Section 3

• Revealing of nuclear smuggling on Ukrainian
  border

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Questions?