I. The Lure of Imperialism

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• I. The Lure of Imperialism
• Several industrialized nations competed to gain
  territory throughout the world.
• The Industrial Revolution had increased wealth in
  many nations, causing them to look elsewhere for
  markets and opportunities for investment.
• An increase in trade had brought about the rise
  of large navies to protect trading interests.
  These navies needed strategically placed bases
  for refueling and repairs.
• Imperialism the practice of extending a
  nations power by gaining territories for a
  colonial empire.
• What led to this quest for an empire?
• Economic Interest Industrialized nations had
  flooded themselves with goods and investment
  capital.
• They are going to look to other countries
  for new countries.
• Military Needs Navies to defend their shores and
  protect their trading interest. Fuel???? Search
  out foreign territories to refuel.

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• The Imperialists
• Great Britain
• France
• Belgium
• Germany
• Japan
• Ideology 1) Nationalism love for ones country
  Territorial
• conquest enhanced a nations
  power and prestige.
• 2) Cultural Superiority Some
  people considered it a
• social responsibility to
  civilize the inhabitants of
• less developed countries and
  spread the benefits
• of Western society.
• Scramble for Territory
• Mid 1800s American had believed it was their
  manifest destiny to expand west. Now people
  sought to move even beyond the shoreline, to
  claim distant islands farther west.

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• Taking Control of Hawaii
• Beginning in Hawaii, the U.S. would also pursue
  imperialist policies.
• British explorer James Cook first visited Hawaii
  in 1778.
• Hawaii was ideally located for coaling stations
  and bases for ships trading between the U.S. and
  Asia.
• American missionaries and others came to Hawaii
  and raised crops, particularly sugarcane.
• The sugar industry grew and gained influence and
  control.
• King Kalakaua negotiated a treaty that made
  Hawaiian sugar cheap to import to the United
  States.
• Sugar planters overthrew Queen Liliuokalani with
  the help of the U.S. marines.
• Sugar tycoon Sanford Dole became president of the
  Republic of Hawaii.
• Hawaii became a U.S. territory in 1898.

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• The Open Door Policy gives the United States an
  equal footing in China.
• European powers gained spheres of influence in
  China.
• The United States feared it would be shut out of
  the valuable China trade.
• Secretary of State John Hay proposed the Open
  Door Policy, giving all nations equal trading
  rights in China.
• Increased foreign presence in China led to the
  Boxer Rebellion.
• Western nations cooperated to quell the rebellion
  and continue exploitation of Chinese trade.
• Diplomacy and naval superiority help the U.S.
  gain influence in Japan.
• Japan was isolated and unindustrialized until the
  mid-1800s.
• Commodore Matthew Perry brought four steamships
  into Tokyo Bay in 1853 to pressure Japan to open
  its ports to trade.
• Japan quickly became an industrial and military
  power to compete with the West

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• II. The Spanish American War
• By the 1890s, Spain had lost all of its
  colonies except for Cuba and Puerto Rico
• Cubans were not happy with being apart of
  Spains Empire
• Revolts, uprising.and many Americans were
  already sympathetic to the Cuban cause, because
  it reminded them of their struggle for
  independence from the British.
• Media Dramatic news stories from the newspapers
  fueled the fire in peoples belief that something
  should be done.

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• A. Explosion of the Maine
• Feb. 15 1898, the USS Maine had been sent to
  Havana Cuba to protect American lives and
  property. It mysteriously blew up, killing 260
  sailors.
• Destruction of a War Ship Maine was the Work of
  an Enemy!
• In late March, McKinely demanded that Spain
  grant Cuba its independence. When Spain refused,
  Congress declared a state of war on April 25,
  1898. The Spanish American War had begun.

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U.S. victory over Spain elevated the American
position in the world.

• Spain gave up all claims to Cuba.
• The United States gained territory in Puerto
  Rico and Guam.
• Spain turned over the Philippines for 20
  million.
• Territorial gains strengthened the military and
  economic position of the United States.

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