The Triumphs of a Crusade

1
Chapter 21

• Section 2
• The Triumphs of a Crusade

2
Section 1 (Summary)

• Terms
• Civil Rights (human, natural, and equal)
• History (Amendments, S.C. cases, and Legislation)
• Leaders
• Organizations (NAACP, SCLC, and SNCC)

3
Strategy and Tactics

• Action and Reaction

4
Tactics

• Media
• Civil Disobedience
• Sit-ins
• Bus rides
• Marches
• Boycotts
• Provoking aggression

5
MomentumTimeline

• May 1961, Freedom Riders
• Sep 1962, integrating the University of MS
• Apr 1963, Birmingham
• June 1963, integrating the University of AL

• Aug 1963, March on Washington
• Summer of 64 Freedom Summer
• Early 1965, Selma Campaign

6
Freedom Riders

• Apr-Dec 1961
• Who CORE and SNCC
• Plan of Action to test the SC decision banning
  segregation on interstate bus routes
• Obstacles violence
• Reaction (pg. 705, 3rd paragraph)

7
University of Mississippi

• September 1962
• Who James Meredith and JFK
• Plan of Action integrate UM
• Obstacles Governor Ross Barnett, riots, and
  death
• Reaction JFK ordered federal marshals to escort
  Meredith.

James Meredith
8
Heading to Birmingham

• April 1963
• Who Rev. Fred Shuttlesworth, MLK, and the SCLC
• Plan of Action demonstrate and march
• Obstacles violence (pg. 706)
• Reaction an end to segregation in Birmingham

9
University of Alabama

• June 1963
• Who Gov. George Wallace
• Plan of Action integrate the University of
  Alabama
• Obstacles Governor George Wallace
• Reaction JFK used federal troops to enforce the
  desegregation

10
March on Washington

• August 1963
• Who CR leaders, to include MLK
• Plan of Action converge on the nations capital
• Obstacles ?
• Reaction STcontinued violence (murder and
  assassination), LTCivil Rights Act of 1964

11
Freedom Summer

• Summer of 64
• Who SNCC and volunteers
• Where Mississippi
• Plan of Action register voters
• Obstacles Obstacles Local officers killed
  volunteers
• Reaction Congress did not pass a VR act.

12
The Selma Campaign

• Early 1965
• Who SCLC and SNCC
• Plan of Action Voter registration drive and
  march to Montgomery
• Obstacles violent, local law officers (pg. 710)
  
• Reaction LBJ responded by asking Congress for
  the swift passage of a new voting rights act. It
  passed in 1965.

13
George W. Bush reauthorizes the VR Act for 25
years