Paths to Enlightenment:

1
Paths to Enlightenment
The Art of South Southeast Asia before 1200

• Bridget Baldwin

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Paths to Enlightenment
3
Non-Western Art History

• Art and Architecture of South and Southeast Asia
• From almost five millennia ago through the 12th
  century.

4
Indus Civilization

• Mohenjo-daro, Pakistan
• Robed Male Figure
• Indus Seals

2600-1900 BCE
5
Maurya Dynasty

• Chandragupta
• Ashoka Greatest Maurya Ruler. Helped Spread
  Buddism.
• Ashokas Pillars Lion capital

Sarnath, India 250 BCE
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Shunga, Andhra, and Kushan Dynasty

• The Great Stupa at Sanchi
• Rock-cut Monastic Halls- Karle Hall
• Yakshi and Flowering Tree

Third century BCE One of the most important
Buddhist monasteries
Goddesses personified fertility and vegetation
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The Buddha and The EightFold Path

• Prince Siddhartha Gautama
• The Enlightened One
• Four Noble Truths

• Life is Suffering

2. The Cause of Suffering is Desire
3. One can overcome and extinguish Desire
4. The Way to conquer desire and end suffering is
To follow the Eightfold Path
The Wheel of The Law
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The EightFold Path

• 1. Right Understanding
• 2. Right Thought
• 3. Right Speech
• 4. Right Action
• 5. Right Livelihood
• 6. Right Effort
• 7. Right Mindfulness
• 8. Right Concentration

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First Buddhas in Human Form

• Gandhara and Greco-Roman Art
• Meditating Buddha
• Schist Frieze
• Mathura Buddhist

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The Gupta and Post-Gupta Periods

• Classical Buddha Statue
• The Caves of Ajanta
• Painted Bodhisattvas

Mudra
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Hinduism

• No founder or great prophet
• Moksha and Samsara
• Brahmin Priest
• Many Gods
• Hindu deities have various natures and take many
  forms
• Most Important Deities Shiva, Vishnu, Devi

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Shiva

• The Destroyer and Creator
• Multiple Limbs and Heads
• Male
• Serpent Scarf
• Third Eye
• Rides Bull Nandi
• Trident
• Wife - Parvati
• Son - Ganesha (elephant head)

Dancing Many-Armed Shiva
Further Exploration of The Hindu Gods. See the
dance of Shiva!
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Vishnu

• Preserver of the Universe
• Boar Avatar of Vishnu
• Male
• Four Symbols conch, club, lotus, discus
• Many Avatars (incarnations) boar, fish,
  tortoise, dwarf, man-lion, Krishna, Parasurama,
  Rama, Maitreya, Buddha
• Wife - Lakshmi

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Devi

• The Great Goddess
• Many forms and Names
• Both creates and destroys
• Worshipped as Wifes of Male Gods (Parvati,
  Lakshmi), Radha

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Review of the Three Main Gods
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Chronological Review

• Further Exploration More Images

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References
Kleiner, Fred S. Gardners Art Through The Ages
Non-Western Perspective. 12th ed. Thomson
Wadsworth. 2006.
Online Study Guide