General Genetics

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General Genetics

• PCB 3063
• University of South Florida
• Summer Session B, 1999
• Bruce J. Cochrane, Ph. D, Instructor

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Course Information

• Meeting Time and Place CHE 100, MWF 200-415
• Textbook Genetics Principles and Analysis, D.
  Hartl and E. Jones
• Instructors Office Hours BSF 209, MW 12-2 or
  by appointment
• Instructors email address coch_at_chuma.cas.usf.ed
  u
• Class Web Site http//scholar.acomp.usf.edu90/c
  ourses/PCB3063L

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Exams and Grading

• Three exams July 12, July 23, and August 6
• Each worth 1/3 of course grade
• Exams are cumulative only in the sense that
  understanding of new material will require sound
  comprehension of previously discussed
  information.
• Extra credit available for Discussion
  participation

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Information resources

• Lecture
• Text
• Electronic Companion to Text
• Web resources
• Class web page scholar.acomp.usf.edu90/courses/
  PCB3063
• Course information
• Announcements
• Sample quizzes and test results
• Discussions, email, group formation
• geNETics http//www.jbpub.com/genetics/genetics
  web.cfm

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How to Succeed in Genetics

• Attendance - Lectures are the primary source
• Reviewing notes in a timely fashion - dont count
  on cramming!
• Problem solving - Chapter end and CD
• Get questions answered - office hours, after
  class, email, disucssion exchanges

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Properties of Genetic Material

• Transmissible
• Determines heritable physical traits
• Controls Cellular Processes
• Provides source of new variation

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Milestones in the History of Genetics

• 1859- Darwin and The Origin of Species - the
  significance of inherited variation in evolution
• 1869 - Miescher and the isolation of nuclein
• 1900 - the rediscovery of Mendels paper and the
  concept of the particulate gene
• 1902 - Garrod, alkaptonuria, and the idea that
  genes direct protein synthesis

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Milestones in the History of Genetics II

• 1920 - Morgan, Bridges, and the Chromosome Theory
  of Heredity
• 1928 - Griffiths and transformation
• 1940 - Avery McLeod and McCarty - DNA as the
  genetic material
• 1953 - Watson and Crick - the structure of DNA
• 1960s - Elucidation of the Genetic Code

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Milestones in the History of Genetics III

• 1970s - Recombinant DNA and DNA Sequencing
• 1980s - Transgenic Organisms, the Polymerase
  Chain Reaction, reverse genetics
• 1990s
• Commercialization of transgenic technology
• Improved molecular diagnosis of inherited
  disorder
• Genetic control of cell growth, death, and
  differentiation
• Somatic gene therapy
• Genomics and Genome Projects
• 2000s - ?????

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The Central Dogma of Molecular Biology
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Mutation

• Source of New Variation
• Random Process
• Changes in DNA sequence that affect
• Protein sequence
• Pattern of gene expression

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Some Simple Genetic Disorders

• Sickle cell anemia
• Cystic fibrosis
• Duchennes muscular dystrophy
• Hemophilia
• Lou Gehrigs disease
• Huntingtons disease
• Many others

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Pleiotropy

• One Gene affecting multiple, seemingly unrelated
  traits
• Examples
• Sickle Cell Anemia
• muscles
• brain
• joints
• other tissues
• ApoE4
• Hypertension and risk of heart disease -
  treatable with drugs diet
• Alzheimers disease - untreatable

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Variable Penetrance - Genetic Risk Factors

• ApoE4 for both hypertension and Alzheimers
  disease
• BRCA1, BRCA2, and breast cancer
• Genes that make minor contributions to complex
  traits

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Interactions between Genes and Environment
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Readings and Problems
Today Chapter 1 pp 1-18 20-25 Problems
4,8,9,10.12 Wednesday Chapter 2, all Problems
5,6,8,12-17 19-23