THE ROCK CYCLE

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THE ROCK CYCLE
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BILLIONS OF YEARS AGOEarth was a burning hot
ball of magma
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Eventually a thin layer of crust formed over the
surface
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Igneous means fire
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Igneous rock occurs in many formsGranite
AndesiteObsidianPumiceBasalt
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It all depends on the MINERALS inside the magma!
But how does the magma come up at all?
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Granite

• This granite was created inside of the Earths
  Crust.
• INTRUSIVE

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Obsidian usually forms quickly, and outside of
the Earths Crust. EXTRUSIVE
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SEDIMENTARY ROCK
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Erosion and Weathering,
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Bye, Bye, Mountain
Erosion
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The birth of the Appalachians was about 480
million years ago, since that time they have
eroded down to nearly half their original size.
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Mechanical Weathering
Abrasion from Water or Wind
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Chemical Weathering
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Biological Weathering Plant and tree roots,
lichen, or any other living things that can crack
or dissolve rocks.
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Gravestonesexposed to weatheringWhat kind of
weathering do you think caused this?See page 286
in your Science Book
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Cementation and compaction turn sediments into
rocks, this is called lithification
Lithos is Greek for ROCK
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Metamorphic Rocks are formed DEEP UNDERGROUND
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Think of a RAW EGG that has been cooked.Its
still an egg, only different
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Limestoneturns to
MARBLE
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COAL turns into DIAMONDS
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• QUESTIONS True or False
• 1. Igneous rock is still forming today in fiery
  places.
• 2. Weathering makes rocks harder.
• 3. Sediments harden into rock through
  lithification.
• 4. During metamorphosis, limestone might
  change to marble.
• 5. In the rock cycle, igneous, sedimentary,
  and metamorphic rock can change into one another.
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