The Rock Cycle

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The Rock Cycle

• Thinking about relationships among the major rock
  groups

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Major Rock Groups

• Igneous
• Formed from a magma (molten rock) either erupting
  onto the surface or being held below the surface
  and cooling.
• Sedimentary
• Formed from sediments such as mud, sand and
  gravel that accumulate in layers on the floor of
  places like the sea, lakes or river deltas. These
  sediments have been compacted and often cemented
  together to form rocks
• Metamorphic
• formed beneath the surface when older igneous and
  sedimentary rocks are transformed by a
  combination of heat and pressure.

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Fig. 2.9
MAGMA
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IGNEOUS
Crystallization
MAGMA
5
IGNEOUS Plutonic
Crystallization
MAGMA
6
Volcanic IGNEOUS Plutonic
Crystallization
MAGMA
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Weathering
Volcanic IGNEOUS Plutonic
Crystallization
MAGMA
Uplift
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SEDIMENT
SEDIMENT
Weathering
Volcanic IGNEOUS Plutonic
Crystallization
MAGMA
Uplift
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Erosion
SEDIMENT
Weathering
Transport
Deposition
Volcanic IGNEOUS Plutonic
SEDIMENTARY
Crystallization
MAGMA
Uplift
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What is Weathering Erosion?

• Weathering is the breaking down of rocks by
  natural processes. Weathering can break rocks
  down in three different ways, described as
  physical weathering, chemical weathering and
  biological weathering.
• Erosion is the movement of soil and other
  weathered material from one place to another. It
  can be done by wind or water, and the water can
  be moving quickly like a river, repetitively like
  the sea or slowly like a glacier.

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Erosion
SEDIMENT
Weathering
Transport
Deposition
Volcanic IGNEOUS Plutonic
SEDIMENTARY
Crystallization
MAGMA
Uplift
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Erosion
SEDIMENT
Weathering
Transport
Deposition
Volcanic IGNEOUS Plutonic
SEDIMENTARY
Increased PT
METAMORPHIC
Crystallization
Burial
MAGMA
Uplift
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Erosion
SEDIMENT
Weathering
Transport
Deposition
Volcanic IGNEOUS Plutonic
Can you see any shortcuts?
SEDIMENTARY
Increased PT
METAMORPHIC
Crystallization
Melting
Burial
MAGMA
Uplift
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Erosion
SEDIMENT
Weathering
Transport
Deposition
Volcanic IGNEOUS Plutonic
SEDIMENTARY
Increased PT
METAMORPHIC
Crystallization
Melting
Burial
MAGMA
Uplift
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In Conclusion

• The rock cycle demonstrates the relationships
  among the three major rock groups
• It is powered by the interior heat of the Earth
• As well as earths momentum and
• The energy from the sun
• It involves processes on the Earths surface as
  well as the Earths interior
• It connects the hydrologic cycle with the
  tectonic cycle.

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Erosion
SEDIMENT
Weathering
Transport
Deposition
Volcanic IGNEOUS Plutonic
SEDIMENTARY
Increased PT
METAMORPHIC
Crystallization
Melting
Burial
MAGMA
Uplift
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Tasks to complete

1. Draw a simple diagram of the Rock Cycle
2. Write a paragraph to explain what the diagram
   shows. Include the processes linking each type
   of rock
3. Erosion and weathering are two processes that
   are easily confused. Explain what each process
   does