Properties of Matter

1
Properties of Matter

• Unit 1 Chapter 2
• Energy and Matter

2
Definition of Matter

• Anything that has mass and takes up space
  (volume).
• Volume A measure of size of a body or region in
  three dimensional space.
• Example V a3 volume of a cube

3
States of Matter

• Solid
• example - gold
• Liquid
• example - water
• Gas
• example - nitrogen
• Plasma
• example - interior of the sun

4
Properties of Matter

• All matter has mass.
• All matter has volume.
• No two pieces of matter can occupy the same space
  at the same time.
• example balloon and the flask
• All matter exhibits inertia.
• An object will stay at rest or in motion at the
  same speed and same direction until a force
  changes it.

5
Physical Properties of Matter

• Physical Properties can be observed or changed
  without changing the identity of matter.
• Examples
• Color Volume Magnetism
• Strength Odor Conductivity
• Flexibility State Malleability
• Ductility Solubility Mass
• Density

6
Density

• The physical property that describes the
  relationship between mass and volume.
• Solids less dense than water float
• more dense than water sink
• Liquids less dense liquids float on
  more dense liquids
• Gases less dense that air rise less dense sink

7
Physical Changes

• A change that affects one or more physical
  properties
• Does not change chemical properties
• Examples melting, dissolving, crushing

8
Chemical Properties

• A way to describe matter based on its ability to
  change into new matter with different properties.
• Flammability Non-flammability
• Reactivity Non-reactivity
• pH

9
Chemical Changes

• Happens when one or more substances are changed
  into new substances.
• Chemical properties determine what type of
  chemical change will occur.
• End result is a substance that has different
  properties than original parts.

10
Signs of Chemical Change

• Change in color or odor.
• Production of heat.
• Fizzing or foaming
• Sound or light emission

11
Physical vs. Chemical Changes

• Physical end result is the same
  substance
• Chemical - end result is different substance
• Most physical changes can be reversed.
• Most chemical changes cannot be easily reversed.