Development of an Integrated Earth System Model at FRCGC

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Development of an Integrated Earth System Model
at FRCGC

• Michio KAWAMIYA
• Taroh MATSUNO
• and members of the Kyousei-2 project
• ()Frontier Research Center for Global Change
  (FRCGC), JAMSTEC

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FRCGC integrated Earth System Model
Kyousei Integrated Synergetic System Model of the
Earth (KISSME)
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Climate Carbon Cycle Feedback
-gt Need to identify the cause for the difference!
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Atmosphere-Ocean Coupled Model

• MIROC 3.2 Intermediate Resolution Version (no
  flux adjustment)
• borrowed from the K-1 project
• Atmosphere
• CCSR/NIES/FRCGC AGCM 5.7
• T42L20
• Online aerosol
• Ocean
• COCO3.4 (developed by CCSR, Univ. of Tokyo)
• (0.5-1.0)1.4, 43 Layers BBL

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FRCGC Carbon Cycle Component Models

• Land Sim-CYCLE by Itoh Oikawa (2002)
• 20 PFTs without dynamic vegetation
• 5 compartments for each PFT

• Ocean 4-compartment ecosystem model (Oschlies
  Garcon, 1998)
• Treatment of carbonate system as recommended by
  OCMIP

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Results from a global warming experiment with the
full coupled model
130ppm
Coupled run
Surf. Temp. ? 4C warming
Uncoupled run
CO2 concentration
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Anthropogenic CO2 in the ocean
Obs. (Sabine et al, 2004)
Model
Ocean uptake for 1800-1994 98 PgC (Model)
118
19 PgC (Obs.)
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Feedback analysis for the coupled carbon cycle
climate models
CO2-Land
T-Land
gain
CO2-T
CO2-Ocean
feedback
T-Ocean
Present 0.0070 1.29 1.29 -80.9
-36.3 0.23 1.30 Study
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DGVMizating the land carbon cycle component
DGVM Dynamical Global Vegetation Model -gt
Incorporation of the effect of biome-shift into
Sim-CYCLE
Spatial-Explicit Individual-Base DGVM (SEIB-DGVM)
Individual basis model, which explicitly treat
3D forest-structure within 30m x 30m patches
Individual characteristics
Foliage biomass, crown diameter, crown depth
Stem biomass, height, sapwood heartwood
diameter Root biomass
--- Shape of crown and stem are approximated by
cylinder
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Global simulation by SEIB-DGVM
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Atmospheric chemistry model (CHASER)

• 53 chemical species (ozone, NOx, etc.)
• Chemical reactions up to 20 km altitude
• A simple reaction system in the stratsphere will
  be added.

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Chemistry and aerosol simulation with CHASER and
SPRINTARS
Radiative forcing from tropospheric ozone
(direct) radiative forcing from elemental carbon
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Extension of the model top to the upper
stratosphere
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Need to improve gravity wave drag
parameterization
?
?
? F
Wave breaking
Cumulonimbus
F?
Form drag
Orographic waves
Non-orographic waves
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Improvement of GWD parameterization for better
representation of the stratosphere using a
T213L250 AGCM
T213L250 AGCM Vertical flux of zonal momentum
by gravity waves (June, 70 hPa, T42-grid)
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QBO-like oscillation
Too high frequency Can be handled with tuning?
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The Project activities also include

• Development of a GCM with explicit interactions
  between ice sheets and the atmosphere
• Incorporation of detailed cloud physics into the
  icosahedral model (NICAM) being developed at
  FRCGC.

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PgC/yr
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???????????CO2????????????CO2?????????2???????????
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