Revolutionary War part 2

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Revolutionary War part 2

• Mr.. Langfords class

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Overview

• Declaration of Independence
• Turning point of the war
• Help arrives
• The last stand
• Whats next?

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Declaration of Independence

• When was is ratified?
• Who wrote?
• What does it say?
• Who would receive the document?

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The response

• King George receives the declaration
• What is his reaction?
• King George hires mercenaries
• Hessians
• Sends them where?

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Battle for New York City

• King George sends Hessians to Gen.. Howe
• Howe moves to take New York
• Many ships in harbor--looked a like forest
• Over 8,000 Hessians move in
• New York City falls

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New Jersey Victories

• Christmas of 1776
• Washington crosses Delaware
• Catches Hessians off guard
• Over 1,000 dead or captured
• Patriots gain supplies
• March towards Princeton
• Take Princeton

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Battle of Princeton
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Significance?

• Take much needed supplies
• Prove that the Hessians could be beat
• Gain more support for the war effort
• Men began to re-enlist
• New recruits

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Battle in the Mohawk Valley

• Gen.. Arnold had an alliance with N.A.
• Had N.A. go ahead and warn Brits of a large army
  advancing
• Brits leave quickly--leave everything
• Bonus for Patriots to gain more supplies
• Mohawk N.A. side with loyalist and help fight
  against Patriots
• Why?

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Saratoga

• Burgoyne needed more troops and supplies
• Forced to make a critical decision
• Tried to raid Bennington--failed
• Gates and Arnold attack for several days
• Burgoyne is surrounded and forced to
  surrender--6,000 troops
• North is now secure

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Why was it a turning point?

• North is secure
• France decides to join the fight
• Gives valuable weapons and money
• Spain joins and defeats British in the
  Mississippi Valley and Florida
• South becomes secure

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Valley Forge

• Winter of 1777-1778
• Horrible winter and thousands deserted
• Several leaders emerged to help
• Lafayette
• Baron de Kalb
• Baron von Steuben

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Valley Forge
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Baron Von Steuben

• Trained soldiers
• Knew European techniques
• Taught troops to successfully use bayonets
• Within one month troops were able to execute all
  drills
• In Philly, troops engaged Brits and proved they
  could fight the best (Euro style)

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War on the Frontier

• George Rogers Clark
• Took troops down Ohio to Kaskaskia
• Took the fort with resistance
• Moved to Vincennes and took the fort
• Lost fort in the winter
• Reclaimed the fort and most the Ohio river valley
  area as well as OH, IN, IL

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War on the High Seas

• John Paul Jones
• Navy consisted of Privateers
• British controlled the seas b/c of blockade
• Hit and run tactics
• Serpais v Bonhomme Richard --British ship against
  Jones--I have not yet begun to fight

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Battle in the South

• Many loyalist helped the British
• Slaves served as guides b/c of promised
  freedom--many were resold in West Indies
• British capture Savannah--all of GA falls
• 1780 Charleston falls--nearly all of patriot
  forces are captured

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Swamp Fox

• Francis Marion
• Led a small group men to help patriots
• Knew the swamps of the area and used these swamps
  to his advantage
• Guerilla Warfare

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Swamp Fox
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Nathanael Greene

• A former Quaker--expelled from the religion
• Sent to aid the southern fight
• Won the help of Cherokee
• Used his hit and run tactics to avoid large
  battles
• Won the south

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Battle of Yorktown

• Yorktown along the Chesapeake
• British opposition to the war grew
• Most of the in Virginia
• Base camp for British
• Gen. Cormwallis

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Yorktown

• Washington in New York
• Rochambeau in Rhode Island
• French fleet in the West Indies
• Washington/ Rochambeau march towards Yorktown
• French Fleet sails for Chesapeake

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Yorktown

• Washington and Rochambeau surround the British
  from the west allowing only one way out--by sea
• French Fleet arrive and push back British fleet
• Cornwallis forced to surrender
• 8,000 troops surrender

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Patriots Win

• Why did they win?
• What were some crucial points?
• Who deserves the credit?
• What also played an important role for
  independence?

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Treaty of Paris 1783

• The United States was independent
• Boundaries est..--what were they?
• Fishing rights
• Each side would repay debts owed
• British would return slaves
• Congress would recommend that property taken from
  loyalist be returned

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The New U.S.
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Summary

• Declaration of Independence
• New hope
• Turning point of the war
• Yorktown
• Treaty of Paris