WWII

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WWII

• J. Sytsma

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Post WWII Europe
The Pre-Game show

• Revolutions in Russia
• Communism
• Fascism
• Some countries feel humiliated by WWI.

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Post WWII Europe

• Soviet Union
• Stalin leads the country
• Increases Industry, decreases farming.
• Practices Genocide
• Eventually will kill 20 million of his own people
  who got in his way.
• Holodomor 7 million in Ukraine.

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• Great Britain
• Suffering from the Great Depression
• Winston Churchill elected.

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• France
• Deep social divisions
• Lost tons during WWI
• Unstable government until Petain, who takes power
  after France falls.

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• Italy
• Felt left out of dividing up Europe
• Led by Mussolini (crazy guy)

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• Germany
• Weimar Republic
• Huge Depression from after war
• 1 4,420,000,000,000 Marcs
• Life was not good in Germany
• Everyone feels responsible for WWI
• Spent the last decade rebuilding factories
  and technology.

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Adolf Hitler

• Former artist
• WWI Veteran
• Formed Nazi party
• Wrote Mein Kampf
• Called Der Fuhrer
• Comes to power in 1933
• Very, very charismatic, and a brilliant speech
  giver. Told people what they wanted to hear.

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• Japan
• Wanted to be a super power
• Attacked and invaded Manchuria in 1931.
• Invaded China in 1937 Rape of Nanking
• Made an alliance with Italy and Germany
• Led by Emperor Hirohito

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Appeasement

• Keep peace by giving in.
• England and France appeased Hitler when he did
  the following
• Marched into the Rhineland
• Took over Austria
• Took over Czechoslovakia
• Signed a non-aggression pact with the Soviets so
  he could invade Poland.
• Sept. 1, 1939, Hitler invades Poland. England
  and France cannot allow this, and World War II
  has begun.

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War in Europe until 1942

• Blitzkrieg Lightening warfare
• Hitler drives into Poland and takes it very
  quickly (about 10 days).
• Soviet Union invades Finland
• Germany invades Norway, wins in 48 hrs.

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Victory in the West

• Allies not expecting a blitzkrieg.
• Germany takes Netherlands and Belgium.
• British put troops in Belgium to stop Hitler
• Couldnt stop Hitler, and British troops retreat
  after Hitler reaches English Channel.

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The Maginot Line (Frances fortifications) where
theyre expecting the Germans oops.
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• After reaching the English Channel, Hitler turns
  his eyes on Paris. Hitler takes Paris on June
  13, 1940.
• Signs an armistice which let Germany occupy the
  North of France, and set up the Vichy
  (collaborate govt.) in the south of France.

Then Hitler took a month off.
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The Battle of Britain

• "We shall not flag or fail. We shall go on to the
  end. We shall fight in France, we shall fight on
  the seas and oceans, we shall fight with growing
  confidence and growing strength in the air, we
  shall defend our island, whatever the cost may
  be. We shall fight on the beaches, we shall fight
  on the landing grounds, we shall fight in the
  fields and in the streets, we shall fight in the
  hills we shall never surrender."
• - W. Churchill

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• "Never in the field of human conflict was so much
  owed by so many to so few."
• - W. Churchill

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The Blitz

• After France, Hitler wants Britain.
• Operation Sealion his invasion of G.B.
• Luftwaffe begin by bombing RAF bases
• Britain responds by bombing Berlin
• Hitler angry begins The Blitz
• Bombing of London from Sept. 1940 - May, 1941.
  Started with bombing 57 nights in a row.

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• Operation Sealion failed, and Hitler gave up
  early on, deciding instead to just bomb London.
• RAF performed spectacularly
• Civilians would not let morale get down
• Hitler turned towards Operation Barbarossa

At the end of it all, 43,000 civilians had been
killed, and 87,000 injured.
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Operation Barbarossa

• Hitler invades Russia
• Largest invasion in recorded history.
• Hitlers goals were to take Moscow, Leningrad,
  and Kiev in the Ukraine, using 3 armies (North,
  Centre, South).
• Why would Hitler invade Russia?

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Why invade Russia?
Why did Hitler try to do what the military genius
Napoleon could not?

• 1. Hitler considered Russians savages, their
  destruction would be his gift to Europe (and all
  their resources), and he had promised the
  Germans living room in Mien Kampf.
• 2. He hated communism
• 3. Would possibly cause Britain to surrender.

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At the end

• On Dec. 5, the Russians pushed the Germans back
  over 200 miles.
• Hitler failed to take Moscow, in part due to
• the very cold Russian winters
• Russian resistance
• the large number of Russian reinforcements
• and Hitler's decision to wait on Moscow.

America is about to enter the War.