Curriculum

1
Curriculum Instruction

• Curriculum
• Instruction
• Curriculum Development
• Influences on Curriculum
• The Hidden Curriculum

2
Curriculum

• Curriculum can be defined as
• a plan concerned with the purpose
• and content of what is to be learned.
• The curriculum anticipates the results of
  instruction.
• Curricula should not merely reside in textbooks
  as content outlines.
• learning includes more than knowledge
• learning includes skills, attitudes, and behaviors

3
Instruction

• Instruction can be defined as the process of
  teaching,
• delivering the curriculum,
• and providing learning environments for students.
• Teaching so named can mean
• instructing, informing, training,
• brainwashing, conditioning, indoctrinating,
• and teaching - - properly understood.

4
Curriculum Instruction

• Curriculum can be thought of as doing the right
  thing.
• Instruction can be thought of as doing the thing
  right.

5
Curriculum Development

• Curriculum development is
• a planning process
• a way of assessing needs,
• identifying goals and objectives,
• and meeting the cultural, social, and personal
  requirements that the curriculum is to serve.
• Curriculum planning should precede instructional
  preparation.

6
The Need for a Theory Base

• Who decides what should be taught and how it is
  taught?
• Dynamic leadership and clear goals are essential
  for effective curriculum change.
• What are the aims of education?
• On what foundations should curriculum be built?
• There are a host of external and internal
  influences on the school curriculum.

7
External Influences

• federal government (disabilities, titular )
• the courts (church-state issues, civil rights)
• state legislatures (ISIP/IGAP, content stds)
• boards of education (procedures, book choice,
  courses)
• the vocal right (Moral Majority, creationists)
• the vocal left (AIDS awareness, Z.P.G., P.P.I.)
• professional organizations (NSTA, AAPT )

8
Internal Influences

• School Improvement Plan
• Teacher Philosophy
• Knowledge Development?
• Process Development?
• Intellectual Skills
• Physical Dexterity
• Attitude Development?

9
The Hidden Curriculum

• The intended curriculum is
• what we say it is.
• The actual curriculum is
• what remains after everything else has been
  forgotten.