ABDOMINAL AORTA and INFERIOR VENA CAVA

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ABDOMINAL AORTAandINFERIOR VENA CAVA
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Abdominal Aorta

• Extends from
• T12.
• To
• L4.

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Abdominal Aorta

• Branches
• Three unpaired anterior visceral branches.
• Three paired lateral visceral branches.
• Five paired lateral abdominal wall branches.
• Three terminal branches (one unpaired).

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Unpaired Anterior Visceral Branches

• Celiac trunk (artery)
• Left gastric.
• Splenic.
• Hepatic.

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Unpaired Anterior Visceral Branches

• Celiac trunk (artery)
• Left gastric
• To inferior esophagus.
• To lesser curvature of stomach
• Travels in lesser omentum.
• Anastomosis
• With right gastric from hepatic A.

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Unpaired Anterior Visceral Branches

• Celiac trunk (artery)
• Splenic artery branches
• Short gastric arteries (6).
• Splenic arteries (6).
• Left gastroepiploic artery
• Travels along greater curvature of
  stomach.
• Enters spleen at splenic hilum.

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Unpaired Anterior Visceral Branches

• Celiac trunk (artery)
• Hepatic branches
• Cystic artery.
• Right gastric
• Travels along lesser curvature of the
  stomach.

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Unpaired Anterior Visceral Branches

• Celiac trunk (artery)
• Hepatic branches
• Gastroduodenal
• Right gastroepiploic
• Travels along greater curvature of the
  stomach.
• Superior pancreaticoduodenal
• Travels along head of pancreas.
• Supplies duodenum and pancreas.

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Unpaired Anterior Visceral Branches

• Celiac trunk (artery)
• Hepatic branches
• Right hepatic.
• Left hepatic.

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Unpaired Anterior Visceral Branches

• Superior mesenteric artery
• Jejunal and ileal arteries.
• Inferior pancreaticoduodenal artery
• Joins superior pancreaticoduodenal.
• Middle colic artery
• To transverse colon.
• Arcades.
• Vasa recta.
• Windows.

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Unpaired Anterior Visceral Branches

• Superior mesenteric artery
• Right colic artery
• Supplies ascending colon.
• Arcades.
• Vasa recta.
• Windows.

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Unpaired Anterior Visceral Branches

• Superior mesenteric artery
• Ileocolic artery
• Terminal branch.
• Supplies ileum, cecum and ascending colon.
• Appendicular artery.
• Arcades.
• Vasa recta and windows.

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Unpaired Anterior Visceral Branches

• Inferior mesenteric artery
• Left colic
• Supplies descending colon.
• Marginal artery
• Arcades, vasa recta, windows.

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Unpaired Anterior Visceral Branches

• Inferior mesenteric artery
• Sigmoid arteries (2-3).
• Supply descending and sigmoid colon.
• Arcades, vasa recta, and windows.
• Superior rectal artery
• Terminal branch.
• Supplies proximal rectum.

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Paired Lateral Visceral Branches

• Suprarenal.
• Renal
• Gives off five segmental arteries.
• Testicular or ovarian.

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Paired Lateral Abdominal Wall

• Inferior phrenic.
• Lumbar (4 pairs).

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Terminal Branches

• Common iliacs
• External iliacs
• Become femoral arteries distal to inguinal
  ligament.
• Inferior epigastrics
• Travel in lateral umbilical folds.
• Deep circumflex iliacs
• Supply iliacus muscle and inferior
  anterolateral abdominal wall.

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Terminal Branches

• Common iliacs
• External iliacs (reminder)
• Become femoral arteries distal to inguinal
  ligament
• Superficial circumflex artery.
• Superficial epigastric artery.
• Internal iliacs.
• Median sacral

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Inferior Vena Cava

• From right and left common iliac veins
• Internal iliacs drain pelvis.
• External iliacs are continuations of femoral
  veins
• Become external iliacs proximal to inguinal
  ligament.

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Inferior Vena Cava

• Tributaries
• Gonadal veins (testicular or ovarian)
• Dump into left renal vein on left).
• Renal veins.
• Suprarenal veins
• Dump into left renal vein on left.
• Inferior phrenic veins.
• Hepatic veins
• Right, left, middle.

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Portal Vein Tributaries

• Superior mesenteric vein
• Middle colic vein (drains transverse colon).
• Right colic vein (drains ascending colon).
• Ileocolic vein (drains ileum, ileocecal
  junction, cecum, and ascending colon).
• Ileal vein (drains ileum).
• Right gastroepiploic vein (drains right aspect
  of greater curvature of stomach).
• Pancreaticoduodenal (drains duodenum and head
  of pancreas).

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Portal Vein Tributaries

• Splenic vein
• Right gastric vein (lesser curvature of
  stomach).
• Left gastric vein (lesser curvature of
  stomach).
• Paraumbilical vein (umbilical region).