The Vikings

1
The Vikings

• 800 1000 CE

2
The Vikings in Britain
3
The Viking Invasion

• The Vikings invaded Europe and Britain between
  800-1000 CE
• They were warriors and expert sailors from
  Norway, Sweden and Denmark. Due to
  overpopulation and poor lands, the Vikings
  violently attacked areas along the coasts.

4
The Canadian Connection

• Around 1000, Leif Ericson led a group of Vikings
  to Newfoundland.
• In 911, the Vikings forced the Franks to
  surrender a part of northern France, which became
  known as Normandy.

5
The Vikings in Britain

• England was controlled for 3 centuries by the
  Jutes, Angles and Saxons who fought amongst
  themselves.
• Various groups struggled for power and the Danish
  king, Canute, eventually became king of England
  in 1016.

6
The Norman Conquest (1066)

• William the Conqueror (duke of Normandy)
  conquered England in the Battle of Hastings when
  the Saxon king, Harold, was killed.
• William became the first Norman king of England.
• Since 1066, the authority of all British monarchs
  can be trace back to him.

7
Medieval Europe France

• The western part of the Frankish empire, ruled by
  one of Charlemagnes grandsons, became France.
• It did not have a strong ruler until Hugh Capet
  was elected king.
• His descendents would bring France under their
  control over the next the three centuries.
• The Capetian kings also made the crown a
  hereditary title to ward off any rivals.

8
Medieval Europe Holy Roman Empire

• In the eastern part of the old Frankish empire,
  Charlemagnes heirs lost their power to the local
  dukes.
• They made Otto their king. He allied himself
  with the Church. He sent troops to defend Rome
  at the request of the pope.
• The pope named him Holy Roman Emperor in 962 in
  gratitude

9
Medieval Europe Holy Roman Empire

• Germany and most of Italy, now controlled by
  Otto, became known as the Holy Roman Empire.
• Few other Holy Roman Emperors could actually
  maintain control of both areas.
• The Holy Roman Empire was eventually split into
  hundreds of smaller states.

10
Texbook Questions on Saladin and Richard

• Get a textbook and in groups of 2 do the
  following questions
• Read pages 274-276
• Answer question 1-4 on page 276