Organizational Commitment

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Organizational Commitment
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Outline

• Organizational Commitment
• Affective
• Continuance
• Normative
• Withdrawal Behaviors
• Psychological
• Physical

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Quick Comic
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Quick Comic
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Organizational Commitment

• Organizational commitment is defined as the
  desire on the part of an employee to remain a
  member of an organization.
• Focus of commitment
• Organization
• Top management
• Group/team
• Supervisor

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Class Model
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Quick Facts

• The majority of employees (75) are looking for a
  new job
• 43 of these were looking for more money
• 35 were reacting to dissatisfaction at their
  current employer
• Need a larger talent pool
• Only 25 of largest 500 companies are confident
  that their current talent pool is sufficient

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What Outcomes Are Associated With Commitment?

• Commitment is related to the following outcomes
• Performance ()
• OCB ()
• Turnover (-)
• Withdrawal behaviors (-)

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Discussion Question

• Have you ever worked for an organization that you
  felt extremely committed to? Why?

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Discussion Question

• Do you think organizational commitment has
  increased or decreased in recent years? Why?

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Three Types of Commitment

• Affective
• A desire to remain a member of an organization
  due to an emotional attachment to, and
  involvement with, the organization.
• Staying because you want to.
• Continuance
• A desire to remain a member of an organization
  because of an awareness of the costs associated
  with leaving it.
• Staying because you need to.
• Normative
• A desire to remain a member of an organization
  due to a feeling of obligation.
• Staying because you ought to.

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Discussion Questions

• From a managers perspective, which type of
  commitment do you think is most important? Why?

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Withdrawal Behaviors

• Withdrawal behaviors are defined as a set of
  actions that employees perform to avoid the work
  situationbehaviors that may eventually culminate
  in quitting the organization.

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Psychological Withdrawal

• Daydreaming
• Looking busy
• Cyberloafing
• Socializing
• Moonlighting

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Quick Facts

• A recent Gallup poll revealed that 70 of
  employees feel disengaged at work
• A recent survey of more than 3,000 employees from
  750 organizations revealed that 40 of their work
  day is spent responding to personal e-mail or
  surfing the Web
• In 2003, cyberloafing cost the U.S. economy 250
  billion in lost productivity

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Physical Withdrawal

• Long breaks
• Missing meetings
• Tardiness
• Absenteeism
• Quitting

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Quick Fact

• It costs .5 times the annual salary benefits to
  replace an hourly worker
• It costs 1.5 times the annual salary benefits
  to replace a salaried worker
• It costs 5 times the annual salary benefits to
  replace an executive

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Discussion Questions

• What does Dessler (1999) suggest to improve
  commitment (and by extension reduce withdrawal
  behaviors)?

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Take-Home Points

• Commitment is multi-dimensional
• The changing employment contract has made
  commitment an increasingly important thing
• Commitment is associated with a variety of
  negative outcomes (e.g., withdrawal behaviors)
• There are a number of things managers can do to
  increase commitment