FRENCH COLONIES; COLONIAL CONFLICTS

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FRENCH COLONIES COLONIAL CONFLICTS

• French Relationship with Amerindians

• Fur Trading
• The French settlement closely resembled those of
  Spain and Portugal
• Missionary work (Jesuits)
• They emphasized the extraction of natural
  resources furs.

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FRENCH COLONIES COLONIAL CONFLICTS

• French Relationship with Amerindians

• Fur Trading (cont.)
• Territorial expansion(W S to LA) was driven by
  the fur trade this resulted in the depletion of
  beaver deer populations and made Amerindians
  dependent upon European goods.
• Amerindians traded for guns, which increased the
  violence of the wars they fought for control of
  traditional hunting grounds.

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FRENCH COLONIES COLONIAL CONFLICTS

• French Relationship with Amerindians

• Missionary Work
• Catholic missionaries, including the Jesuits,
  attempted to convert the Amerindian population
• Upon meeting with indigenous resistance, they
  turned their attention to work in the French
  settlements.

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FRENCH COLONIES COLONIAL CONFLICTS

• French Relationship with Amerindians

• Settlement Growth
• French settlements, dependent on the fur trade,
  were small and grew slowly.
• Centered in Quebec
• Amerindians preserved a greater degree of
  independence than they could in the Spanish,
  Portuguese, or British colonies.

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FRENCH COLONIES COLONIAL CONFLICTS

• French Relationship with Amerindians

• Settlement Growth (cont.)
• The French expanded aggressively to the west and
  south, establishing a second fur-trading colony
  in Louisiana in 1699.This led to war with
  England French Indian war.
• The French were defeated in 1759 and were forced
  to yield Canada to the English and to cede
  Louisiana to Spain.

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FRENCH COLONIES COLONIAL CONFLICTS

• Royal Relationship with the Colonies

• Spain
• The new Bourbon dynasty undertook a series of
  administrative reforms
• Expanded inter-colonial trade
• New commercial monopolies on certain goods
• A stronger navy
• Better policing of the trade in contraband goods
  to the Spanish colonies.

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FRENCH COLONIES COLONIAL CONFLICTS

• Royal Relationship with the Colonies

• Spain (cont.)
• The Bourbon policies were detrimental to the
  interests of the grazing and agricultural export
  economies, which were increasingly linked to
  illegitimate trade with the English, French, and
  Dutch.

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FRENCH COLONIES COLONIAL CONFLICTS

• Royal Relationship with the Colonies

• Spain (cont.)
• The new monopolies aroused opposition from Creole
  elites whose only gain from the reforms was their
  role as leaders of militias that were intended to
  counter the threat of war with England.

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FRENCH COLONIES COLONIAL CONFLICTS

• Tupac Amaru IIs Revolt

• The Impact of the Bourbon policies
• Amongst others, leads to Amerindian uprisings
• Amarus rebellion was suppressed after more than
  two years
• Cost the Spanish colonies over 100,000 lives and
  enormous amounts of property damage.

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FRENCH COLONIES COLONIAL CONFLICTS

• Royal Relationship with the Colonies

• Portugal
• In Brazil, there was a period of economic
  expansion and administrative reform in the 1700s.
  
• Economic expansion was fueled by gold, diamonds,
  coffee, and cotton
• Led to the Pombal reforms, the importation of
  nearly 2 million African slaves, and a new wave
  of British imports.

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FRENCH COLONIES COLONIAL CONFLICTS

• Royal Relationship with the Colonies

• Britain
• The British Crown tried to control colonial
  trading (smuggling) and manufacture
• Issue Navigation Acts
• Suspend the elected assemblies of the New England
  colonies
• gtColonists resisted by overthrowing the
  governors of New York and Massachusetts and by
  removing the Catholic proprietor of Maryland.