Transition to an Anglo California

1
Transition to an Anglo California

• Anglos in Pre-American CA 1820s-1840s
• Mexican-American War 1846-1848
• Treaty of Guadalupe Hidalgo 1848
• California State Constitutional Convention 1850
• Californios Lose their Status
• Indians in Anglo CA

2
Anglos in Pre-American CA

• American Ideology
• Abel Sterns
• John Sutter

3
Abel Stearns
4
John Sutter
5
Sutters Fort
6
Mexican-American War

• From Getting Along to Conquest, Racism
• Early U.S. Interest in CA
• Anxiety about Mexicos size
• Manifest Destiny
• Bear Flag Revolt
• John C. Fremont vs General Vallejo
• Osos
• CA iconography and lore Bear Flag Republic
• War
• Californio ambivalence
• Even Anglo ambivalence

7
John Fremont
8

• General Vallejo

9
(No Transcript)
10
The Bear Flag
11
Wars End

• Treaty of Guadalupe Hidalgo
• 1848
• amicable
• CA State Constitutional Convention
• 1850, Monterey
• Bilingual
• Who received protection? Who did not?

12
Selected Articles from the Treaty of Guadalupe
Hidalgo, 1848

• Art VIII Mexicans now established in
  territories previously belonging to Mexico, and
  which remain, for the future, within the limits
  of the United States, as defined by the present
  treaty, shall be free to continue where they now
  reside, or to remove, at any time, to the Mexican
  republic, retaining the property which they
  possess in the said territories, or disposing
  thereof, and removing the proceeds wherever they
  please, without their being subjected, on this
  account, to any contribution, or tax, or charge,
  whatever.
• Those who shall prefer to remain in said
  territories, may either retain the title and
  rights of Mexican citizens, or acquire those of
  citizens of the United States. But they shall be
  under the obligation to make their selection
  within one year from the date of exchange of
  ratifications of this treaty
• In the said territories, property of every kind,
  now belonging to Mexicans not established there,
  shall be inviolably respected.

13
CaliforniosFrom Friendship to Racism

• Growing Racist Ideology
• Who was white?
• Greaserssocial demotion
• Drought of 1850
• Overgrazing
• Lack of access to water
• Land Law of 1851
• 60-65 of Californio lands eradicated

14
Indians in Anglo CA1850 An Act for Government
Protection of Indians

• When an Indian is convicted of an offence before
  a Justice of the Peace, punishable by fine, any
  white man maygive bond for said Indian,
  conditioned for the payment of said fine and
  costs, and in such case the Indian shall be
  compelled to work for the personuntil he has
  discharged or cancelled the fine assessed against
  him
• Any Indian able to work and support himself in
  some honest calling, not having wherewithal to
  maintain himself, who shall be found loitering
  and strolling about, or frequenting public places
  where liquors are sold, begging, or leading an
  immoral or profligate course of life, shall be
  liable to be arrestedto hire out such vagrant
  within twenty-four hours to the highest bidder

15
(No Transcript)