Peace Agreements

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Peace Agreements
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By The Numbers

• 4National Empires collapsed
• 9,000,000 people had died
• 1 World Organization had been created
• 13 Nations had been created
• 1 other nation promised
• 3 continents had been redrawn
• 1 country was to blame

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Wilsons 14 points (1-5)

• 1.ending secret treaties
• 2.agreeing to freedom of the seas
• 3.removing economic barriers to trade
• 4.reduce the size of national armies and navies
• 5.adjusting colonial claims with fairness w\
  toward the colonial people.

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Wilsons 14 points(6-13)

• 6-13.specific suggestions on changing national
  borders and create new nations

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Europe Before After the War
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Wilsons 14 points (14)

• 14.general association of nations would protect
  great and small states alike, organizations
  would keep peace and encouraging member to solve
  problems.

This was the most important points because it was
the creation of the League of Nations.
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The League of Nations

• There were 42 original members of the League of
  Nations.
• The United States wasnt included and they never
  were, but they were key members in the United
  Nations.

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Wilsons speech

• Gentlemen of the Congress
• Once more, as repeatedly before, the spokesmen of
  the Central Empires have indicated their desire
  to discuss the objects of the war and the
  possible basis of a general peace. Parleys
  talks have been in progress at Brest-Litovsk
  between Russian representatives and
  representatives of the Central Powers to which
  the attention of all the belligerents have been
  invited for the purpose of ascertaining whether
  it may be possible to extend these parleys into a
  general conference with regard to terms of peace
  and settlement.

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Treaty of Versailles- Main Terms

• War reparations- 31 billion dollars
• Limited army
• U-boats and airplanes were banned
• France regaining Alsace- Lorraine

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Treaty of Versailles- Main Terms, Cont

• Germanys territories in Africa and in the
  Pacific were given as mandates to Britain,
  France, and Japan
• Mandate- territory that was administered on
  behalf on the League of Nations

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The War Guilt Clause

• Article 231 World War One was blamed on Germany
• Most severe part of the Treaty of Versailles

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Austria- Hungary

• Countrys formed
• Austria and Hungary- now independent nations
• New countries- Poland, Yugoslavia, Czechoslovakia
• Romanias size increased

13
Bulgarian Treaty

• Defeated country had to give up land to other
  countries
• Gave up land to Romania, Yugoslavia, and Greece.
• Bulgaria had to pay almost a ½ billion dollars in
  reparations

14
Russia and Turkey

• Finland, Estonia, Latvia, and Lithuania are now
  independent nations, used to be part of Russia
• Turkey is now formed after the treaty with the
  Ottoman Turks

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Review Questions

• What was Wilsons fourteenth point?
• Why was it important?
• List some key points of the Treaty of Versailles.
• What was the war guilt clause?