The Characteristics of Life

1
The Characteristics of Life

• Without themyoure nothing but dirt.
• Well okaymaybe not even that.
• Perhaps youre really just a bunch of cheap
  chemicals
• ..Who knows...

2
The Characteristics of Life

• There are basically 6 things that Scientist
  define as required for life.
• 1) Living things are organized.
• All living things are made of cells
• The basic unit of structure and function in an
  organism
• May be Unicellular - Single celled organism.
• May be Multicellular - Organism composed of many
  cells.

3
The Characteristics of Life

• 2) Living things must acquire and use energy.
• Ya gotta eat, or at least soak in the sun.
• 3) Living things respond to stimuli.
• Plants bend toward light.
• Worms recoil from touch.
• Dogs bark when startled.
• You feel unbridled horror at the sight of a
  science test.

4
The Characteristics of Life

• 4) Living things reproduce.
• What good is it if you cant make more?.
• 5) Living things grow and develop and adapt.
• Nothing starts out and adult. Nothing is what it
  has always been.
• Darwin
• 6) Maintain internal conditions separated from an
  outside environment.
• Homeostasis.
• Kind of loops back to the first point.

5
And now!

• For something completely different

6
The Cell Theory

• The Modern Cell Theory consists of three
  statements based on a large body of scientific
  research.
• All living things are composed of cells.
• All cells come from pre-existing cells.
• The cell is the fundamental unit of structure and
  function in living things.

7
The Cell Theory

• The Modern Cell Theory is derived from the work
  done by Hooke, Leeuwenhoek, Schleiden, Schwan,
  Virchow and a few others
• Who are these people?

8
If you really want to know these people.

• Ive written 5 new DARs for these scientist.
• Hooke, Leeuwenhoek, Schleiden, Schwan, Virchow
• Go ahead.make my day.
• But anyway.

9
The Cell Theory

• What then new found technology catapulted these
  scientist into the stratosphere of leading edge
  science?
• CD

10
The Microscope!
11
The Microscope

• A microscope makes small objects look larger
• A compound microscope has more than one lens

12
The Microscope!
http//science.howstuffworks.com/light-microscope5
.htm
13
The Microscope!

• Important Parts.
• Objective lens - gathers light from the specimen
• Eyepiece (ocular lens)- transmits and magnifies
  the image from the objective lens to your eye
• Coarse-focus knob - used to bring the object into
  the focal plane of the objective lens
• Fine-focus knob - used to make fine adjustments
  to focus the image

14
The Microscope!

• Determining Total Magnification
• Locate the numbers on the eyepiece and the low
  power objective
• Eyepiece magnification x Objective magnification
  Total Magnification
• For high power objective.
• Eyepiece magnification x Objective magnification
  Total Magnification

15
The Microscope!
http//science.howstuffworks.com/light-microscope5
.htm
16
The Microscope

• A bit of history
• Robert Hooke in 1663 using a microscope he built
  himself was one of the first people to observe
  cells.
• He called them cells because they reminded him of
  tiny rooms.
• Anton van Leeuwenhoek who at about the same time
  built his own microscope and was the first to
  observe animalcules meaning little animals.
  in pond water.

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The Microscope
1886 Modern compound light microscope 1000x
1660 Hookes compound microscope
1965 Scanning Electron microscope 150,000x in 3D
1590 First compound microscope
1683 Leeuwenhoeks microscope 266x
1933 Transmission Electron microscope 500,000x
1981 Scanning Tunneling microscope 1,000,000x