Origins of Progressivism

1
Origins of Progressivism
2
Reformers wanted to solve the problems brought
on by immigration, industrialization, and
urbanization

• Lost faith in voluntary reform
• USE THE POWER OF THE GOVERNMENT!!!

3
Problems exposed in the 1890s

• Corporate power / disparity of wealth
• Rebellious working class socialists, anarchists
• Condition of the cities
• Political corruption
• Racism / Prejudice / Jim Crow

4
Muckrakers

• Exposed and dramatized the need for reform

5

• Lincoln Steffens The Shame of the Cities
• Jacob Riis How the Other Half Lives
• Ida Tarbell The History of Standard Oil
• Upton Sinclair The Jungle
• William Hard Making Steel, Killing Men

6
(No Transcript)
7
Goals of Progressivism

• Protect social welfare programs (programs for the
  poor and needy)
• Promote moral improvement (prohibition)
• Economic reform (socialism)
• Efficiency in the workplace (assembly line)

8
Jane Addams

• Hull House
• Who benefited most from Hull House?

9
Issues of Female Progressives

• Exploitation of female workers (and children)
• Womens suffrage
• Feminism
• Temperance
• Immigration reform?????

10
(No Transcript)
11
Triangle Shirtwaist Factory Fire
12
(No Transcript)
13
(No Transcript)
14
(No Transcript)
15
(No Transcript)
16
(No Transcript)
17
(No Transcript)
18
(No Transcript)
19
(No Transcript)
20
(No Transcript)
21
Reforming the workplace

• Frederick Taylor Scientific management

22
(No Transcript)
23
Reforms in Government

• City Councils
• Reform Mayors
• Robert La Follette
• http//en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Robert_M._La_Follette
  2C_Sr.

24
States begin to regulate more industries

• Muller v. Oregon and Bunting v. Oregon
• Workmans compensation

25
Increasing power of the citizens

• Initiative/referendum
• Recall
• 17th Amendment
• http//en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Recall_election

26
(No Transcript)
27
(No Transcript)
28
Roles of Women

• Rural Areas Farm work
• Cities
• Domestics (servants)
• Factory work
• Clerical (white collar) work
• Teachers, bookkeepers, stenographers

29
(No Transcript)
30
(No Transcript)
31
As businesses expanded new jobs opened to women
which required more education

• l

32
Upper Class Women

• Time to get involved in reform movements
• Womens colleges
• Decline in marriage

33
Attempts to gain suffrage

• State legislatures
• Court challenges
• Constitutional Amendment

34
(No Transcript)
35
Roosevelts Square Deal

• 1901 McKinley is assassinated
• Teddy Roosevelt becomes youngest President (42)

36
(No Transcript)
37
Square Deal

• Progressive reforms proposed by Roosevelt
  administration

38
Increased power of the Presidency

• 1902 Coal Strike
• trust busting
• Railroad regulation

39
(No Transcript)
40
(No Transcript)
41
Legislation protecting citizens and the
environment

• Meat Inspection Act
• Pure Food and Drug Act
• National Parks and Wildlife Sanctuaries
• http//www.cfsan.fda.gov/dms/dalbook.htmlintro

42
(No Transcript)
43
(No Transcript)
44
(No Transcript)
45
(No Transcript)
46
(No Transcript)
47
Civil Rights

• Little progress

48
Progressivism under Taft

• Although eligible, TR had vowed not to run for
  re-election in 1908
• TR selects and supports William Howard Taft

49
(No Transcript)
50
(No Transcript)
51
Tafts troubles in office

• Angered Progressives by signing Payne-Aldrich
  Tariff
• Allowed public lands in west to be sold to
  private interests
• Fired Gifford Pinchot
• Republican Party splits conservatives vs.
  progressives
• Democrats gain control of House in 1910

52
Election of 1912

• Taft nominated by Republicans
• Wilson by Democrats
• Eugene Debs by Socialists
• TR by progressives Bull Moose Party

53
Platform of Bull Moose Party

• Direct election of Senators
• Initiative, referendum, recall
• Womens suffrage
• Minimum wage for women
• Outlaw child labor
• FTC to regulate business

54
Wilson wins with only 42 of popular vote
55
(No Transcript)
56
Wilsons New Freedom

• Woodrow Wilson
• Raised in the South prejudiced?
• President of Princeton U.
• Plan The New Freedom
• Destroy trusts
• Lower tariffs
• Control lending

57
Wilsons Accomplishments

• Clayton Anti-trust Act
• Federal Trade Commission (FTC)
• Underwood Tariff of 1913
• 16th Amendment graduated income tax
• Federal Reserve System
• 19th Amendment womens suffrage?

58
(No Transcript)
59
Wilsons Failures

• Opposed child labor laws
• Expanded racial segregation

60
(No Transcript)
61
(No Transcript)
62
(No Transcript)
63
(No Transcript)