PIA%202574

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PIA 2574

• African Development Seminar
• Conflict, Governance and Development

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• http//www.youtube.com/watch?vCM2Xa12YsX0

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Colonialism in Africa

• Accuracy, Orthodoxy or Propaganda
• Short
• Discussion

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The Economy Markets and Planning
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Historical African Development Issues

• The Concept of "Indigenization
• Localization process
• Personnel Indigenization (Africanization,
  Indianization,)
• Representative Bureaucracy
• Ethnic Arithmetic

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South Africas Homelands
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Zenophobia? (Nativism in Pennsylvania 1853)
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mzungu/faranji/lekoa/zongo
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African Historical Development Issues

• Equity- Fixed percentage of ownership
• 49 local content
• requirements
• Nationalization with or without Compensation
  (State Socialism)
• Joint Venture Programs- management contracts

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The World Economic Regime

• The Importance of the Market
• End of the Command Economy
• World Market Only game in Town?

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Market Debates

• Impact of world economy on Domestic Economies
  Development of underdevelopment
• Questions of conflict pluralist vs. hegemonic
  models in the post-war world
• Economic change vs. political development- Is
  governance (democracy) a pre-requisite?
• Is Participation Essential?

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Renowned international social activist Graça
Machel Mandela , with Kuseni Dlamini, CEO of Old
Mutual South Africa and Emerging Markets,
attended the Old Mutual Staff volunteerism awards
dinner. Accompanying them is Anthony Petersen
(left), Amos Hadebe (back left) and Dr Pandelani
Mathoma, Managing Director Old Mutual. (GSPIA PhD
2001).
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Market Issues

• Complementarity
• problem
• Origins of capital
• Market failure?
• The end of the Command Economy

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And Size
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Statistics- Forty Years of Independence

• Social Illiteracy- 60-75 illiterate
• Population Growth vs. HIV/AIDs
• 3-4 percent per year
• 50 less than 15 years of age
• 20-25 HIV positive in Southern Africa
• Loss of Primacy of Nation State

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StatisticsHealth Losing the Battle?

• Malaria
• Yellow Fever
• Schistosomiasis/
• bilharzia
• Sleeping Sickness
• Kwashiorkor
• HIV/AIDs

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Forty Years of Independence

• Agriculture Subsistence soils/rain/desertificat
  ion
• Decline in food production (cash crops and
  urbanization)
• Terms of Trade and Debt
• Price decline for Primary products
• Economic collapse- one third of Africa

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Economic Growth

• Economic Fourth World- less than 1 growth
• Fourth World
• 100-365 per year

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Inflation
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Growth in Africa

• 1957 100
• 1961 95
• 1981 50
• 2004 55-60
• Now 78
• Goal Back to the Future

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Economic Collapse
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Economic and Social Development Liberalism and
Markets

• Social Norms and Production
• Economic predictability
• Alternatives to private investment
• Globalization and international capital
• Africa and the World Economic System Odd
  Continent Out?

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Discussion

• The Impact of Globalization on Africa?

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Primacy of Nation StateHow Sovereign?

• Impact of transnational actors
• Issue of micro-states
• Rational Actor model- public or social choice
  theory- collective choice is non-rational?
• The role of international regimes- UN, World
  Bank, IMF, etc. Globalization and International
  Order

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The Issue of Transitional States

• NICs-Newly Industrializing Countries in Asia,
  Africa and Latin America

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Countries considered as in the process of
industrialization
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The Issue of Transitional States

• Tigers Korea, Singapore, Hong Kong, Taiwan
• Kittens Thailand, Malaysia, Indonesia- Want to
  be Tigers
• "Tails" India, China, Brazil, Argentina, Mexico.
  Tigers with long poverty tails.

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The Issue of Transitional States

• Why no NICs in Africa?
• What about Nigeria?
• What about South Africa?
• Autonomous vs. Dependent Development?

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African Successes Oil?

• Nigeria
• Gabon
• Cameroon
• Angola, Ghana,
• Chad, South Sudan?

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African Successes No Oil

• South Africa
• Kenya
• Botswana
• Ivory Coast
• Zimbabwe Bad Politics
• Blue Freedom House Democracies (2006)

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Issues of markets and productivity

• International systemic hegemony and international
  competition within markets
• Technical Assistance- bias to international trade
• Back to the future- get the LDC economy back to
  the 1950s what then?
• Dependent development- is it dependent and is it
  development?

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Foreign Aid and Development
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Financial and Budgetary Management Systems in
Africa

• Six historical periods
• 1.Until the 1950s- recurrent budgets- law and
  order
• 2.1950s-1960s growth. Domestic development
  Funds with bilateral technical assistance
• 3.Recurrent vs. Development budgets

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Financial and Budgetary Management Systems in
Africa

• 4.1960s-1970s Distribution and basic needs.
  World Bank and Poorest of the poor
• 5.Mid-1970s-1980- Planning vs. Budgets
• 6.1980s- Structural Adjustment "non-budgetary"
  allocations vs. incremental budgeting (define)

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Planning vs. Budgets

• donor monies drive the system in the degenerated
  state
• planning demanded by technical assistance
• Technical assistance- both grants and loans (no
  private loans to Africa)
• project planning "wins" over national planning
  and budgeting systems

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Case Studies

• Norman and Elsa Rush

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A Long Time Ago!!!
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Book Authors

• V.S. Naipaul

• Philip Gourevitch

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Deborah Scroggins and Emma McCune
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African Economies Discussion

• What kind of an economy works for Africa?
• Capitalism
• Socialism
• Economy of Affection
• Dependent Development?

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African Economies Discussion

• Why should the Northern Tier states care about
  Africa?
• What are the regional economies in Francophone
  Africa, in Eastern and Southern Africa? Is
  there a common West African Economy?
• Which of our writers say important things about
  economic development?