Infection Control and Prevention What is infection control?

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Infection Control and PreventionWhat is
infection control?

• Infection Control encompasses the processes and
  activities that identify and reduce the risks of
  acquiring and transmitting endemic or epidemic
  infections among individuals

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Pitfall
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????????????? ???????????????????????? (def) (reporting) ??????????????????????????? ?????????????? Passive surveillance ?????????????? ?????????????????????????????????????????? (point prevalence ????????????????) ??????????????????????????????????????
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• ??????????????????? -gt ????? Open Wound -gt
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• ???.???????? Tbc ????????????? Tbc ?????????

Screening
OPD
Special Clinic
Home
IPD
Assessment
IP/UP (design and practice)
Home
Information
D/C Plan
Care
HHC
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???????????? ????????????????????????????????????? ??????????????????? IP SP
????????????? LR, OR, ER, ??????? ?????? ???????? ?????? ??????????
Sterilization System ??????? ?????????????? ???????????????????? ???????????????????????????????????
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??????? -gt ??????? -gt ?????
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Scan ????????????????????????????????????????
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Standard Precaution Clean/disinfect/sterilization
Infectious waste Hand hygiene
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VAP, CAUTI, SSI, BSI
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VAP, CAUTI, SSI, BSI

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• ?????????????
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• ???????????? Standard precaution,
  Clean/Disinfect/Sterilization, Infection waste,
  Hand Hygiene
• ????????????????? ????? ??????????????? ???
  ???????????????
• ????????????? ?????? ???????? ???? ???????????
  ?????? ??????
• ????????????????? VAP, CAUTI, SSI, BSI..

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???????????????????????????

• ?????????/?????????
• Active HAI Surveillance
• Passive HAI Surveillance
• Antibiotics
• ????????????? ??????????????
• ?????????????????
• ??????????????????
• ?????? ?????????? ???????????????????????

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Chain Model of Infectious Disease

• Source Transmission Mode Host Portals
• human Indirect contact skin
  openings
• zoonotic hands upper respiratory
  environment surfaces lungs
• equipment mucous membranes
  airborne GI tract droplet
• vector
• vehicle
• Direct contact
• From source to host portal

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Chain Model of Infectious DiseaseInfectious
Disease Control Points

• 1. Contain the source
• 2. Interrupt transmission
• 3. Reduce susceptibility of the host and/or of
  susceptible hosts

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Chain Model of Infectious DiseaseControl Points

• 1. Control/contain the SOURCE
• Case finding with rapid identification/isolation
  of sources includes screening/triage of high-risk
  cases
• Environmental disinfection
• Behavior change
• Respiratory hygiene/cough etiquette
• Frequent Handwashing
• Self-limiting of contacts
• Contain secretions/excretions
• Use of barrier protection (surgical mask,
  dressings)
• Rapid delivery of effective treatment/vaccination

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Chain Model of Infectious DiseaseControl Points

• 2A. Interrupt transmission
• In Community Settings
• Promote personal infection control
• handwashing, cough hygiene, reduce risk factors,
  personal habits
• Contact management
• Isolation and quarantine
• Individual and mass prophylaxis
• Activity restrictions
• close schools other public venues suspend
  public gatherings restrict travel
• Cordon Sanitaire

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Chain Model of Infectious DiseaseControl Points
2B. Interrupt TRANSMISSION In Healthcare (Includin
g Home And Community Treatment) Settings

• Respiratory Hygiene/Cough Etiquette
• Education
• Cover coughs, using tissue or surgical mask
• Hand hygiene
• Separation
• Standard precautions
• Handwashing
• Personal Protective Equipment

• Standard Precautions
• (continued)
• Patient Placement
• Safe work practices
• Medical waste handling
• Environmental cleaning and disinfection
• Expanded precautions
• Contact
• Droplet
• Airborne infection isolation
• Empiric

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Chain Model of Infectious DiseaseControl Points

• 3. Reduce host SUSCEPTIBILITY
• Vaccination
• Immune globulin
• Prophylaxis
• Self-isolation

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Sum up

• Infection Control focus
• Reduction of risk factors
• Chain Model of Infectious Disease
• epidemiologic
• Infectious disease control points
• Contain/control the source
• Interrupt transmission
• Reduce host susceptibility

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D ???????????????????????????????????????? C
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A Comprehensive Framework for Quality Activities
Performance Dimension Access Appropriate Competen
cy Continuity Coverage Effective Efficiency Equity
Humanized/Holistic Responsive Safety Timeliness
Review
Report
Adverse Event Error Non Compliance
KPI Monitor
Self Assessment
Action
Learn
Root Cause
Risk/ Failure Mode/ Challenge/ Customer
need/ Context
Aim/ Purpose/ Goal Objective/
Design
Improve
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