Quakers of the Middle Colonies

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Quakers of the Middle Colonies

• What are the main beliefs of the Quakers?
• How did settlers react to the Quakers, and how
  did this lead to the founding of the Pennsylvania
  Colony?

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Religious Society of Friends

• Dissenters of England
• Mid-1600s
• Founded by George Fox
• Anti-authority, societal and
• ecclesiastical
• Opposed rituals, hierarchy,
• and tithes of the Church of
• England

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Main Beliefs

• Less focus on creed or scripture
• Greater focus on meditation and personal
  revelation with God
• Humans are naturally good
• Worship is less organized
• Friends gather in a silent room and speak when
  inspired by God quake
• Meetinghouses rather than established churches

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Progressive

• God lives in every person, thus everyone should
  be treated equally
• Women play an equal role as men
• Refusing to participate in combat pacifists
• Abolitionists
• Advocates for equal treatment towards Natives

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Activity

• Work with a partner to complete the venn diagram
  comparing and contrasting Quakers versus Puritans.

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Friends in the New World

• William Penn
• His father was an English military hero who the
• king owed many favors to
• Though his father did not agree with Penn being a
• Quaker, he did support his sons right to worship
• freely
• In 1681, as a reward for his fathers service,
  Penn
• was granted a large proprietary colony in the New
• World
• King desire to unify Southern and New England
  colonies also led to the formation of PA
• Pennsylvania Penns Woods

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Focusing Questions

• What impact will the Quaker faith have on the
  foundation of the Pennsylvania colony?
• How does this compare with the Puritan based
  Massachusetts colony and the Anglican South?

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Developing Pennsylvania

• Penn had 3 goals for PA
• religious freedom for persecuted peoples
• liberal government policies
• Unlimited immigration
• generate income for Penn and his associates
• Penn used modern marketing ideas to
• generate new settlers-Irish, Scots, substantial
  citizens, but already had presence of squatters

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Relations with Natives

• Quakers were amicable to natives
• Lived together in peace
• Southern native tribes fled to PA as a haven from
  hostile southern colonists
• Friendly relations with natives did not sustain
  in PA due to other immigrant groups

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Delaware

• Penn received Delaware as part of his land grant
• Already diverse from Dutch and Swedish settlement
  in the region
• Pennsylvania assembly granted the three lower
  counties of Delaware their own assembly and it in
  essence became its own colony in 1702
• It would continue to share governors with
  Pennsylvania until the Revolution

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City of Brotherly Love

• More carefully planned than most colonial cities
  due to Penns oversight
• Wide attractive streets
• Major seaport-export grain other foodstuffs
• Allowed colony to flourish
• By 1720, emerged as North Americas biggest city