23.1 Forging a New Deal

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23.1 Forging a New Deal
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Restoring a Nations Hope

• Roosevelts election prompted the 20th Amendment
  lame-duck amendment-President would now be
  sworn in on Jan. 20 instead of March.
• A second Bonus March was staged on Washington.

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• This time campsites were provided for veterans
  and Eleanor even went to visit them- different
  from Hoover.
• FDR comforted the nation through his Fireside
  Chats.
• He was much more reassuring confident than
  Hoover

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First 100 Days

• FDR based some of the programs on work of
  agencies that controlled the economy through WWI.
• PURPOSE to restore public confidence in the
  nations banks.
• March 5, 1933 ordered a bank holiday for four
  days.

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• Congress then passed the Glass-Steagall Banking
  Act which created the FDIC.
• More people would now put money back in banks,
  banks could then start loaning again.
• Securities and Exchange Commission regulated the
  stock market-prevent another crash.

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• FDR then devalued currency (took off gold
  standard) to promote export trade.
• Harry Hopkins directed the Federal Emergency
  Relief Administration-helped state relief
  agencies.
• Civil Works Administration-put unemployed to work
  on building projects.

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• Civilian Conservation Corps-FDRs favorite
  program employed young men to work in the
  outdoors.
• FDR also tried to help Native Americans-Indian
  Reorganization Act- ended sale of tribal lands.
• Harold Ickes directed the Public Works
  Administration built dams and bridges.

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• Agricultural Adjustment Administration helped
  farmers by paying them not to plant so much.
• Raised farm prices.
• Tennessee Valley Authority-provided electricity
  to the poorest area of the country.

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Key Players of New Deal
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• Raymond Moley, Adolf A. Berle, and Rexford G.
  Tugwell- brain trust.
• FDR appointed first woman cabinet member-Frances
  Perkins-Secretary of Labor.
• Hired African Americans to key posts as well-Mary
  McLeod Bethune-advised FDR on programs that aided
  African Americans.

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Second New Deal

• Many felt the New Deal gave too much power to the
  govt.
• 1935 FDR launched the Second New Deal, involved
  more social welfare.
• Works Progress Administration improved schools,
  playgrounds, etc.

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• By 1930s only 10 of rural Americans had
  electricity.
• Rural Electrification Administration brought that
  number to 25 in 4 years.
• More electricity more demand for consumer
  electric products, more employments etc..

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• Social Security
• Old-Age pensions 65lt
• Unemployment insurance
• Aid for dependent children, blind, and disabled.

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1936 Election

• Beat Republican Kansas Governor Alfred Landon in
  landslide.
• Carried every state but Maine and Vermont.