E.S. 6: Rocks and Rock Cycle

1
E.S. 6 Rocks and Rock Cycle

• SMS Earth Science

2
Things to know

• Rocks can be identified on the basis of mineral
  content and texture.
• The process by which rocks are formed define the
  three major groups.
• The rock cycle is the process by which all rocks
  are formed and how basic Earth materials are
  recycled through time.

3
Rock Cycle
4
Igneous Rocks

• Igneous rocks form from molten rock that cools
  and hardens either below or on Earths surface.

5
Types of Igneous Rock

• Extrusive igneous rocks cool quickly on Earths
  surface.
• Small or no crystals in rock, smooth texture.
• Examples pumice, obsidian, and basalt.

6
Types of Igneous Rock

• Intrusive igneous rocks cool slowly below Earths
  surface.
• Large crystals and coarse texture.
• Examples granite

7
Sedimentary Rocks

• Sedimentary rocks form from compaction and
  cementation of sediment.
• Materials
• rock fragments
• organic matter
• chemical precipitation.

8
Types of Sedimentary Rocks

• Clastic sedimentary rocks are made up of
  fragments of other rocks.
• Examples sandstone, conglomerate, and shale.

Sandstone
Conglomerate
Shale
9
Types of Sedimentary Rocks

• Non-clastic sedimentary rocks that precipitate
  from a solution.
• Examples limestone and rock salt.

Limestone
Rock salt
10
Metamorphic Rocks

• Metamorphic rocks form when any rock is changed
  by heat and pressure.

11
Types of Metamorphic Rock

• Foliated metamorphic rocks have bands of
  different minerals.
• Examples slate, schist, gneiss.

Slate
Schist
Gneiss
12
Types of Metamorphic Rock

• Unfoliated metamorphic rocks have little or no
  banding and are the same throughout.
• Examples marble and quartzite.

marble
quartzite
13
End