Moving Toward Conflict

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Moving Toward Conflict
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French Indochina

• Area of southeast Asia controlled by France form
  late 1800s until WWII
• Controlled by Japan during WWII

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Following WWII

• France attempts to regain control
• Aided by US

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Ho Chi Minh and the Vietminh battle French for
independence
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Domino Theory - 1954

• Eisenhower fears that if Vietnam is allowed to
  fall to communists, all other neighboring
  countries will fall as well

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Dien Bien Phu

• French capital in Vietnam
• Falls to communists in 1954

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Geneva Accords - 1954

• Vietnam to be split into N and S Vietnam along
  the 17th parallel
• Elections to unify country to be held in 1956

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Ngo Diem

• President of South Vietnam
• Cancels elections of 1956
• Vietcong begin to attack the South Vietnamese
  govt.

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JFK

• Begins to send military advisors to SV to train
  South Vietnamese Army

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• Diem alienates Buddhists
• Kennedy OKs coup
• Diem assasinated

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US Involvement and Escalation
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1964 LBJ runs on peace ticketDaisy Ad
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Escalation

• LBJ, McNamara, Rusk increase US troops to 180,000
  by1965
• 500,000 troops by 1967

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Jungle Warfare

• Ambush
• Guerilla tactics
• No front lines
• Boobytraps, mines, tunnels

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War of Attrition

• Body counts
• Vietnamese goal injure rather than kill

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Battle for Hearts and Minds

• Prevent communists from converting South
  Vietnamese
• Destruction of countryside
• Agent orange
• Napalm
• Search and destroy

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Low morale of troops

• Substance abuse
• Fragging
• Opposition to the war

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The Great Society Suffers

• Johnsons domestic plans underfunded as a result
  of the war

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The Living Room War

• Role of the media
• Cronkite
• Credibility gap

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A Nation Divided
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A Maniputable Draft

• Deferments
• Students
• Conscientious objectors
• The Lottery
• 1A 4F

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African Americans

• Disproportionate rate of draftees
• Disproportionate rate of casualties
• Rich mans war

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Women in the War

• 7500 Army/Navy Nurses

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The New Left

• NOT Socialist or Communist
• SDS
• FSM

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Opposition to the war

• SDS form protests in Washington
• Draft resisters
• Draft dodgers

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Veterans against the war
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Kent Sate

• Students protesting against the war
• National Guard unit fires into crowd
• 4 dead in Ohio

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Popular music

• Many popular performers include anti war messages
  in their music
• Bob Dylan
• Woodstock

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Hawks and Doves

• Are war protesters disloyal?
• America Love it or leave it
• My country right or wrong

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LBJ criticized by both hawks and doves
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1967 McNamara resigns
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22-4 1968-A Tumultuous Year
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Tet Offensive

• Simultaneous attack by North Vietnamese on major
  cities in South Vietnam, American military bases,
  and the American embassy

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Tet

• Tet changed the public perception of the war
• Winnable???
• Worth it???

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1968 Presidential race

• Eugene McCarthy challenges LBJ for Democratic
  nomination runs on the Peace Ticket
• Nixon nominated by R

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RFK joins race
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LBJ drops out of race

• Vows to begin peace negotiations
• End escalation
• Vietnamization of the war

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Early morning, April 4Shot rings out in the
Memphis skyFree at last, they took your
lifeThey could not take your pride
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June 4, 1968 RFK wins CA primary, assassinated
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1968 Democratic National Convention

• Extreme violence, protests
• McCarthy loses nomination to Hubert Humphrey
• George Wallace 3rd party candidate
• Nixon benefits, wins election

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