?a???s?as? t?? PowerPoint

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??S?GOG? S?? ????T?S??
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?sf??e?a ???f?µ??

• ???? µ???????a??sµ?? sta t??f?µa ,
• ???t???a te???????a
• ???µ??a??p???s?
• ?e?a??te?? pa?a???? t??f?µ??
• ???a?? d?at??f???? s????e???
• ?????sµ??

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• ?????s? ?e??ß?????t??
• ??ta????sµ??
• ??µ??es?a

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???????
???sa?µ??? ??????? ??µ??es?a? ?fa?µ??? ???????
p????aµµ?t?? ??pa?de?s? ?e???st??
t??f?µ?? ???µ???s? ?ata?a??t??
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(No Transcript)
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????? pa?????te? ?d???sa? st?? a?????
?s????p???s?? t?? ??µ??es?a?

• ????p?
• ???se??
• ??µ????
• d???????
• sp????µ??f?? e??efa??p??e?a? ß??e?d??
• ?a???sµ???
• ?????ß??a?t??? sta a?t?ß??t???
• ????s? t?? ?ata???p?? ??µ???? ??s??? sta
• t??f?µa

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?a p??ß??µata s??e?????ta? ?a? d?µ?????e?ta?
a??s???a

• St?? ????pa??? ???s?
• St?? ??????? ??ße???se??
• St? e??? ?????
• Se µ? ??ße???t???? ???a??se??
• Se epa??e?µat???? e??se??
• Se d?e??e?? eµp??????? eta?????
• St?? ?a???sµ?? ???a??sµ? ?µp?????

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S?st?µata ?????s?? t?? ?sf??e?a? t?? ???f?µ??
st? pa?e???? ?a? S????? ???a????pt????
?d??t?te? t?? t??f?µ??.

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???a µe???e?t?µata t?? pa???? s?st?µat??
e?????? ????? ta µ?sa t?? a???a ?? eta???e?
pa?aß??p??? s?µa?t???? pa?aµ?t???? asf??e?a? ?a?
d????? µe???? s?µas?a st?? a?s??t??? t??
p?????t?? e?? ß???? t??
asf??e?a?
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S?µe?a ta s?st?µata ?sf??e?a? ???f?µ?? e???????
t?? pa?aµ?t????

1. ?????e?s? ???t??f?? ?a? p???t?ta S?µa?s? ????
2. ??e?a t?? ????
3. ???stas?a t?? ????
4. ?sfa??? d???es? t?? ?????? ap?ß??t??
5. ?sfa??? ?etaf??? ?a? ?e????as? t?? ????
6. ?????s? ???d???? ?a? ???s?µ?? S?µe??? ???????
   (???S?), ??T?S ß??µ??a????? p?a?t????, ??T?S
   p?a?t???? ???e????,
7. ?pa???? ??e???? t?? p?????t??
8. ?????e?s?µ?t?ta
9. ??t???e???? ?a? ???te????? ??e????
10. ??at???s? ?ata????? p??µ??e?t??
11. ????? ?a? e????e? t?? ?ata?a??t??

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???S??? ??T?S ?G?????????S ????????S (GHP) ???a?
t? s????? t?? µ?t??? p?? ap?s??p??? st??
e?asf???s? t?? ???e???? t?? t??f?µ?? ?a?
???t??f??, ??T?S ????????S ????S????S (GMP)
?f?s?? a??????????? ?? ????? ?a???e? ?a?
p?a?t???? st?? pa?as?e?? t?te e?asfa???eta? ?
ßeßa??t?ta ?t? t? t??f?µ? de? ?a p???a??se? ß??ß?
st?? ?ata?a??t?
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S?µpe?asµat???
??te µp????µe ?a ?s????st??µe ?t? ??a t??f?µ?
e??a? asfa????
?ta? ???s?µ?p??e?ta? ??a t?? s??p? p?? ??e?
pa?as?e?as?e? ????? ?a p???a?e? ß??ße? st?? ??e?a
t?? ?ata?a??t?.
?? s?µa??e? S???????? ??e???? ???f?µ???
?? e?e??t???? a???? ?st???µe???? ????te??, e??
S???t??? ?a? S?µß???e???? pe??ss?te??
????? ??e? st?? p???? t?? e????? ??a t??
pa?a???? asfa??? t??f?µ???
?? pa?a????? ?a? ?? ?e???st?? t??f?µ??
????? ??e? t? s??????? e????? ??a t?? ??e?a t??
?ata?a??t??
? ??ß????s? (??µ??et???, e?e??t??? ????)
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? ?ata?a??t?? ???a? ? p???? e?a?s??t?? ??????
st?? a??s?da ap? t? st?ß?? st? ??ap???
??OS ?? ?ata?a??t?? de? ????????? p?? ?a
1. ?e??????ta?
2. S??t?????
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? ????pa??? ?????t?ta d?ap?st??e? t?? ???G??
???T???S?S ????T?????? ????S???
07/08/2016
?. ?a??s?? ?????
14
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?? 1993 d?µ?s?e?eta? ? ?d???a 93/43/??? (??a
t?? ???e??? t?? t??f?µ??)
S??p?? t?? ? ??e??????s? t?? es?te????? a?????

• - pa?as?e??
• µetap???s?
• pa?a????
• s?s?e?as?a
• ap????e?s?

• - µetaf???
• d?a??µ?
• d?a????s?
• p??sf??? p??? p???s?
• d???es? st?? ?ata?a??t?

07/08/2016
?. ?a??s?? ?????
15
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Sta?µ? ep?s?? st?? asf??e?a ?a? st??
e?e??e?? d?a????s? t?? t??f?µ?? st?? ????p?
ap?te?e? ? ?a????sµ?? 854/2004 (?ata??e? t??
?d???a 93/43/???) ? e????? ??a t?? asf??e?a e???
t??f?µ?? a?at??eta? st?? ?a?a???? ?a?
?a?as?e?ast?

• ??????s? ???d???? ???s?µ?? S?µe??? ???????
• (HACCP)

07/08/2016
?. ?a??s?? ?????
16
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? ???O????? ???????? ??? ?p????? t?? 1997
???a?????e? ??a p???t??? st? ??µ?s?a ??e?a ?a?
t?? ?sf??e?a t?? ???f?µ??
???s??? ????? ??a ta t??f?µa
07/08/2016
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N. Charissis, DVM MSc Public health - WHO/MZCC,
Athens, GREECE
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2000 ????? ????? G?? ??? ?SF????? ?O?
???F??O?

• ??????
• asf??e?a
• ?fa?µ??? t?? ??µ??es?a?
• S??????? ep?ß?e?? ?a? e?t?µ?s? ap?te?esµ?t??
• ?p????e?s?, ?e???sµ?, µa?e??eµa

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? ???p???s? t?? ?ate????se?? p?? t????a? ap? t??
?e??? ??ß??, p?a?µat?p??????e µe t?? ??d?s? 1.
t?? ??????t??? ?a????sµ?? ??? 178/2002/?? ??a
t?? ?a????sµ? t?? ?e????? a???? ?a? apa?t?se??
t?? ??µ??es?a? ??a ta t??f?µa ?a? 2. t??
???et?? ?a????sµ?? (852/2004/??, 853/2004/??
854/2004/??). ?eµ????? ????? 178/2002/??.
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?a????sµ?? 178/2002

• ?? 17 ?d???e? ??a t?? asf??e?a t?? t??f?µ??
  ????a? t?sse??? ?a????sµ??
• ?a????sµ?? 852/04
• ?a????sµ?? 853/04
• ?a????sµ?? 854/04
• ?a????sµ?? 882/04

??a??? ?s???? 1? ?a???a???? 2007
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?a????sµ?? 178/2002 t?? ????pa???? ?????ß??????

• ???stas?a t?? ???? ?a? t?? ??e?a? t?? a????p??,
• ??e??e?? µeta????s? asfa??? ?a? ???e????
  t??f?µ?? st?? es?te???? a????.
• (??a ???e??? ?e??? ß?.?d???a 80/778/EEC(art.5)
  and 98/83/EC(art. 6).

?µ??
ep?ta?t??? a????? d?µ??????a? ?????? ß?s??
µeta?? t?? ?.?.
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Standards st? ??µ??es?a ??a t?? p??stas?a t??
??e?a? p??? e??a? t? a?t??e?µe?? t?? ??µ?? ??a
ta t??f?µa?
???a? ? asf??e?a t??f?µ??, ???t??f?? ?a? ??????
s?s?e?as?a?
??? ep?t?????eta? ? p??stas?a t?? ??µ?s?a? ??e?a?

• ?e t?? a????? ????? µ?t??? ?ste a?at?????a
  t??f?µa ?a µ?? d?at??e?ta? st?? a????
• ?a? t??
• ????? ap?d??? ?a? efa?µ??? t?? ??µ??es?a?
  (???? ??S ???F?????S)

???t??e??? pa?a???? (St?ß???, ?????t??fe??)
?etaf??? ???? p?????t?? Sfa?? ?a?
epe?e??as?a ????es? (??a???? p???s?) ?e???sµ??
µa?e??eµa ap? ?ata?a??t??
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1996 ?????????? ?a? ??µ???? pa?????te?
s???de???? ta ????? p?????ta ap? t? St?ß?? st?
??ap??? ?????a t?? ?????? ???s????s??
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?? ??? ????T????? ????S??

• ?? ??? ??µ??et??? p?a?s??
• ?a??pte? t?? t??f??? a??s?da
• ?a??e???e? ????? ep?ped? p??stas?a? t?? ??e?a?,
• ap?d?de? e????e? ??a t?? asfa?? pa?a???? t??f?µ??
  st?? ß??µ??a??a, t??? pa?a?????? ?a? t???
  p??µ??e?t??,
• ?a??e???e? e??????? se e????? ?a? ?????t???
  ep?ped?,
• ?a??e???e? t?? ?????as?µ?t?ta
• e??s??e? t? p???t??? ??a t?? asf??e?a t??
  t??f?µ?? µe t?? ???? ep?st?µ?????? s?µß?????,
• ?a??e???e? t?? efa?µ??? t?? a???? t?? p??f??a???,
• ?a??e???e? t?? ???? ta???? ?a? ap?te?esµat????
  µ?t??? p??stas?a? se ?atast?se?? ??ta?t??
  a??????,
• a?t?µet?p??e? ???sµ??a ??µata p?? af????? t??
  p???t?ta t?? t??f?µ?? ?a?
• ße?t???e? t??? e???????

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• ??t?a st?? p??t??e?? pa?a????
• ?sf??e?a t?? ???t??f?? (Dioxins, BSE)
• ?fa?µ??? asfa??? p?a?t???? (se
  ?t???t??f?a/??????a???????e?)
• ??µ??????a a???p?st?? e??ast????? se t?p??? ?a?
  d?a??at??? ep?ped?
• ?a µ?t?a p?? ?aµß????ta? ßas????ta? st?? a????s?
  ???d????

?p?st?µ?????? p????f???e?
???p? st???e?a
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?p?µ???? ? ?sf??e?a t?? t??f?µ?? ßas??eta? st??
?????S?
?O? ??????O?
??T???S??S
???????? ????????S?
???????? ??????OS? ?O?
?????F??????O? (RISK ASSESSMENT)
(RISK
MANAGEMENT)
(RISK COMMUNICATION) S??????e? ?p?st?µ??????
?????f???e?
??µ??es?a ??e????
Sfa?e??, ?t???at???, ?t???t?. ????da E?????
?p??es?a ???f?µ?? E???pa???
?p?t???p? E????? ?p??es?a ???f?µ??

E???pa??? ?????ß????? ??T???S??S
??S ???O?????S ????S G?? ??? ?SF????? ?O?
???F??O? .
1
S??d?asµ??
??µ?s?a? ??e?a?
2
??e?a? t?? ???? ?a? ??t? ???!!!
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???????

• ? ???O??
• - pa???e? ?a? d?a???e? t??f?µa se ???????? t??
  ??sµ?,
• s?µµet??e? se d?e??e?? eµp?????? s?µf???e?,
• s?µß???e? st?? d?µ??????a d?e???? standards,
• st????e? t?? e?e??e?? d?a????s? asfa??? t??f??

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?e??? ???ta ??a t?? asf??e?a t?? ???f?µ??
??µ?s?a ??e?a, ??e?a t?? ????
?a? ???stas?a t?? pa?a??????? ???? ?at? t?
µetaf??? ??at?

• ße?t??s? t?? p???t?ta? t?? sfa?e??? ?a?
• a???s? t?? d?at???s?µ?t?ta?

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• ?e??? ???ta ??a t?? asf??e?a t?? ???f?µ??
• ?etaµ??f??e? t?? p???t??? t?? ?.?. se
• ???aµ???,
• Sta?e??,
• ?sfa???,
• ????p?st? ?a?
• ?????a ?ata???t? ???a??/e??a?e??
• ???a????p???s???
• ?a? t??f?d???t????se??

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?? 1996 ? ????pa??? ?p?t??p? a?a?????se ?t? ??
ß????????? ?a? ??µ???? pa?????te? p?? p???a????
t??f????µ??e?? ?a? d???t????se?? e??a? p????? ?a?
p?????e? a??? ????? ??a ????? ?a?a?t???st???
a????????? t? ??? ap? t? st?ß?? st? t?ap??? t??
?ata?a??t?. G?a t? ???? a?t? ???e p??sp??e?a ?a
d?at????e? ????? ep?ped? p??stas?a? st???
?ata?a??t?? ????? ?a ?aµß??eta? ?p??? t?
s?µßa??e? ?a????? t? d????e?a t?? pa?a???????
a??s?da?, e??a? ?atad??asµ??? ?a ap?t??e?. ?
a?a??t?s? t?? asf??e?a? t?? t??f?µ?? ??????
p????e?s?? ap? t? st?ß?? st? t?ap??? t??
?ata?a??t?, e??a? µ?a ?d?a ? p??s????s?
???S????, p?? ?aµß??e? ?p??? t?? ??a ta st???e?a
p?? µp??e? ?a pa????? ???? st?? asf??e?a t??
t??f?µ?? se ???e ep?ped? t?? a??s?da?
pa?a?????.ap? t? st?ß?? ??? t? t?ap??? t??
?ata?a??t?. ?at? t?? ?????a a?t?, ? asf??e?a t??
t??f?µ?? de? e??a? apa?a?t?ta ?a? ap???e?st???
e????? t?? sfa?e???, ? t?? µ???da? pa?a?????
???a?t?? ? aß???. ?ts?, ? pa?a???? de?
a?t?µet?p??eta? ?at? tµ?µata ap???µµ??a ?a?
?s?eta µeta?? t??? a??? sa? µ?a ??t?t?ta, ??a
????, ?p?? ?? a????ep?d??se?? µeta?? t??
d?af???? t?µ??? ep??e????? ?et??? ? a???t??? t??
a??s?da pa?a????? ? ?p??a ?e???? ap? t?? pa?a????
t?? ???t??f??, ?a? te?e???e? st? p??t? t??
?ata?a??t?. ?f?s?? ???p?? ? a??s?da a?t? de?
e??a? d?a?e??µµ??? a??? s??e??? ?a? ad??spast?,
?p???e? µ?a d?a???? ep????????a µeta?? t??
d??f???? ?????? t??, ?ts? ?ste ?a µetad?d??ta?
?µesa ?a? ta??tata ?? p????f???e? ?a? ?a
d?a??pteta? ? pa?a???? st? ???s?µ? s?µe??, se
pe??pt?s? ???d???? ??a t?? asf??e?a t??
?ata?a??t?. G?a ?a ep?te???e? ? ???a??? d?a??p?
t?? pa?a????? e?att?µat???? pa?t?d??, ? ??a ?a
ap?fe???e? ? s?????s? d????te?s?? st?? a????
a?at??????? p?????t??, e??a? apa?a?t?t? ?
d??at?t?ta a????e?s?? t?? pa?t?d?? a?t?? µ?s?
e?d???? s?st?µ?t?? a?a?????s??, e?te p???e?ta?
??a t?p?p???µ??a p?????ta e?te ??a teµ???a
sfa???? ????.
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• ? ?SF????? ?O? ???F??O? S??? ???SS??? ????GOG?S
• ??O??G???S ????GOG?
• S?µa?s? t?? ???? - ??e?t?????? s?µa?s?
• ??????µµata e????a?s?? ??pad??? e????a? ????
• 3. ???t??f?? (d??at?t?ta ???a???? e?t?p?sµ?? se
  pe??pt?s? ???d???? µet?d?s?? ??s?µ?t??.

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???t??e??? pa?a???? 1. S?µa?s? t??
???? ?pa?te?ta? ??a asfa??? s?st?µa a?a?????s??
t?? ???? ?????- se ??? t?? ?.?. t? ?p??? ?a
e??a? s??????, asfa???, e?d?????t?, e????st? ?a?
?a a?t??e? st?? ?a?????? s?????e?. 2.
???t??f?? ?pa?te?ta? ? e?????? e?t?p?sµ?? t??
p????e?s?? t??? ?ts? ?ste ?a ap?s?????? aµ?s??
e?? ß?e?e? ??p??a pa?t?da µ???sµ??? ?
ep????d???. 3. ??????µµata e?????? ? e?????s??
??s?µ?t?? (p.?. ?????????s??, F?µat??s?? ??p.) 4.
??????µµata ?p?d?µ????????? ep?t???s??
?pa?te?ta? ? a??pt??? p????aµµ?t??
ep?d?µ????????? ep?t???s?? t?? ?????s?? ?a?
???a????p???s?? ?at??????? ?a p???aµß????? t??
e??p??s? t??? ?ts? ?ste ?a e?a??st?p??e?ta? ?
???s? fa?µ????. ?pe?d? p????? pa???????
µ???????a??sµ?? µetad?d??ta? ap? ta ??a st??
?????p? µ?s? epaf?? ? µe ta t??f?µa ??????
p????e?s??, ?e??e?ta? apa?a?t?t? ? pa???????
ep?d?µ???????? ep?t???s? t?? p????sµ?? ??????
st?? e?d?µ???? pe??????. 5. ? ????? t??
?t????t??? ?at? ta te?e?ta?a 30 ?????a, t?
a?t??e?µe?? t?? ?t???at????? ??e? µetat?p?s?e?
ap? t?? ?e?ape?a t?? as?e??? ???? st?? p????pt???
???e??? t?? ??pad??? ?a? ap? ta µ?sa t?? 1990
st?? ?t???at???? ??µ?s?a ??e?a. ? ????? ???p??
t?? ?t????t??? s?µe?a e??a? ? p????pt??? ?at????,
? ????????st??? ???s? a?t?ß??t????, ? ??e???? t??
?ata???p?? sta t??f?µa ?????? p????e?s?? ?a? ?
efa?µ??? t?? ??µ??es?a? s?et??? µe t?? p??stas?a
t?? ????.
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6. ??at???s? a??e??? d?ast????t?t?? (central
database) ?? ?t???t??f??, ?t???at???, te??????
?a? ???? ?s?? as??????ta? µe t?? ????? pa?a????,
?fe????? ?a ??at??? st???e?a µe t??
d?ast????t?t?? t???. ?a st???e?a a?t? p??pe? ?a
d?at?????ta? se a??e?a ??a ???sµ??? ???????
d??st?µa ?a? ?a ???s?µ?p?????ta? ?p?ted?p?te
????eta? apa?a?t?t? (p.?. ??a a?t?µet?p?s?
p??ß??µ?t?? ta ?p??a e??a? pa?at????e? st?
pa?e????, ??e???? t?? µ???d?? e? µ????? t??
a?µ?d??? ?p??es???). 7. ?????a t?? ???? ?p??
?d? p??a?af?????e, ? d?µ?s?a ??e?a, ? ??e?a t??
???? ?a? ? e????a t??? s??d???ta? ?µesa µeta??
t???. ??a p?? ß??s???ta? se ?at?stas? st?e?
e??a? p?? e?a?s??ta sta ??s?µata ?a??? e?as?e?e?
t? a??s?p???t??? t??? s?st?µa ?a? s??ep??
??e?????ta? ?e?ape?a. ? ?e?ape?a p??? t? sfa??
s???? af??e? ?at????pa t?? fa?µ???? st??? ???????
?st???, ta ?p??a e??a? ep????d??a ??a t?? ??e?a
t?? ?ata?a??t??. ?a?t?????a ? a????st? ???s?
a?t?ß??t???? d?µ?????e? a??e?t??? ste????
µ???????a??sµ?? ?? ?p???? ef?s?? p??sß??????
a????p??? de? e??a? d??at?? ?a ?atap??eµ????? µe
ta a?t?ß??t??? a?t? µe ap?t??esµa t? d?s????a st?
?e?ape?a ? ?a? t?? ???at? t?? as?e???. S??ep??
?? ?t???at??? p?? as??????ta? µe pa?a?????? ??a
?fe????? ?a e??????? t?? e????a t??? ?a? ?a
ap?fe????? t?? ?ata???st??? ???s? fa?µ????.
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• 4. ??????µµata ??e?a? ??a t? p??s?p???
• ????? t?? ?t????t???
• ??at???s? a??e??? d?ast????t?t?? se at?µ??? ?a?
  ?e?t???? ep?ped?

??st?p???t??? ??e?a?
35

• SF?G? ??? ?????G?S?? ??? ??????S
• ?p??e???s? p??? t? sfa??
• ?????e?s?µ?t?ta
• ?p??e???s? µet? t? sfa??

36

• ??????? ???????S ?O??S?S
• St? ep?ped? ??a????? p???s?? p??pe? ?a
  ep?te????ta?
• ??t???e???? ap? t?? eta??e?a (sfa?e??,
  teµa??st????) ?a?
• ?p?s?µ?? ??e???? ap? t?? a?µ?d?e? a????
• ?????? ???G??S ??? S?S??????S
• ???S? ?a? t??
• KO???O? SOS??S ????S????S ??? ?G?????S

37
???????O??S
?? ????GOG??
38
????F??? ?O? ?OO? 1. ?etaf??? ???? ? s?µa?s? t??
???? ?a p??pe? ?a ßas??eta? se ??a ??e?t??????
s?st?µa t? ?p??? ?a a????e?e? t?? p????e?s? ?a?
t?? µeta????se?? t?? ????, ep?t??p??ta? ?ts? t??
e????? e?t?p?sµ? t??? ?ta? pa?aste? a?????. (e.g.
Rapid Alert System). 2. ??e?a ?a? e????a t??
???? ? ep?t???s? ?a? ? efa?µ??? t?? ?a?????
s?st?? µetaf???? ?? ?p???? s?µß????? st??
d?at???s? t?? ??e?a? t?? ???? e??a? s?µa?t????
??a t? ??µ?s?a ??e?a. ? µeta????s?(µetaf???) t??
???? p???a?e? st?e? t? ?p??? ??e? ep?pt?se?? st??
??e?a t???. ?? st?e? ??e? ap?de???e? ?t?
d?e??????e? t?? p??sß??? t?? ???at?? ap?
d??f????? pa???????? µ???????a??sµ???. SF?G?
??? ??????G?S?? ??? ??????S 1. ?p??e???s? t??
???? p?? t?? Sfa??? ?? ep??e???se?? t?? ???? se
ep?ped? e?t??f?? e??a? p??? s?µa?t??? d??t?
s??µat??e? µ?a ?µes? e????a t?? ???e????
?at?stas?? t?? e?t??f??. ? e????a a?t? ß????e?
p??? t?? ep??e???t? ?t???at?? ?a s??µat?se? ???µ?
??a t?? ???e??? t?? sfa?e??? ?a? ?a e??µe??se?
t?? s???de?f? t?? p?? d?e?e??e? t?? ep??e???s?
st? sfa?e?? ?a a?a??t?se? a?????se?? ?
pa????????? ?atast?se??, ?? ?p??e? p??a??? ?a
d?af????? t?? p??s???? t?? ?at? t?? µa???s??p???
??e???.  2. ?????e?s?µ?t?ta ?at? t? d????e?a t??
epe?e??as?a? t?? ???at?? ???e pa?t?da p??pe? ?a
s?µa??eta? ?ts? ?ste ?a µp??e? ?a a????e?te? ?
p????e?s? t?? se pe??pt?s? ???d????, ?p?te ?a
e??a? d??at? ? ap?s??s? t?? s???e???µ????
pa?t?da?. 3. HA CCP ?a? ??d??a? ?a??? p?a?t???? ?
d?ad??as?a t?? ?????s?? ???d???? ?a? ???s?µ??
S?µe??? ??????? (HACCP) pa???e? t? d??at?t?ta
p???a????sµ???? ep?????? d??s??, ß?se? t?? ?p??a
e????eta? ? pa?a???? ?a? e?t?p????ta? ta ???s?µa
s?µe?a sta ?p??a µp??e? ?a eµfa??s?e? ???d????
??a t?? ??e?a t?? ?ata?a??t?. ? d?ad??as?a a?t?
a????e? ?a efa?µ??eta? ap? t??? ?e???st??
t??f?µ??, ? µ??a??µ?t?? epe?e??as?a? t??f?µ??, ??
?p???? ap?te???? t? ßas??? µ???da st?? a??s?da
t?? pa?a?????, µe?????ta? ?ts? t??? e? d???µe?
???d????? ?a? a??????ta? ?at a?t? t?? t??p? t??
asf??e?a t?? t??f?µ??. ?a?t?????a d?e??????eta? ?
??????? ?ata??µ? e??at???? d??aµ???? ?a? ?
d???es? p???? ??a t?? a?t?µet?p?s? t??
s???e???µ???? ???d???? st? s???e???µ??? s?µe??
t?? a??s?da? pa?a?????. ?µ?? pa???a ta
p?e??e?t?µata t?? efa?µ???? t?? HACCP, ??e?
ap?de??te? ?t? e??a? d?s???? ? efa?µ??? t?? se
µ????? e??atast?se??.
39
?d? ?µ?? µp??e? ?a a?ade???e? ? ????? t??
?t????t???, ?? ?p???? d?e?e????ta? ta?t?????
e??????? ?a? de??µat?????e? ?a e??a? se ??s? ?a
p?st?p???s??? t?? s?st? efa?µ??? t?? ?a?????
????? p?a?t???? e? µ????? t?? µ?????
e??atast?se?? epe?e??as?a? t??f?µ??. 4.
?p??e???s? t?? sfa???? ?? ??e???? ?a?
ep??e???se?? t?? sfa???? t?? ???? ?a??? ?a? t??
te????? p?????t?? p??pe? ?a pa?aµe????? µ?sa st??
e????? ?a? t?? a?µ?d??t?ta t?? a?µ?d??? ?p??es???
?a? ?a d?e?e?????ta? a?e???p?? a??µa ?? a? ??
ep??e???se?? a?t?? d?a??t??? ?a? efa?µ?????
HACCP.   ??????? ?O??S? ??t???e???? ?a? ep?s?µ??
??e???? ?? a?t???e???? ?? ?p???? p??pe? ?a e??a?
?µ???µ??f?? ?a? s?µf??a µe t??? ?a???e? t??
HACCP, e??a? apa?a?t?t? ?a ßas????ta? sta
st???e?a p?? d?at?????ta? sta a??e?a t??
ep??e???s?? ?a? ?a d?e?e?????ta? se ??e? t??
f?se?? t?? epe?e??as?a?, d?a????s??, ap????e?s??
?a? d???es?? ?µ?? ? µa?e??eµ???? t??f?µ??. ??t?
s?µa??e? ?t? p??pe? ?a d?e?e?????ta? a?t???e????
??? µ??? sta sfa?e?a ?a? st?? e??atast?se?? ??p??
?a? epe?e??as?a? ???at?? a??? ?a? st??
ep??e???se?? d?a????s?? t??f?µ??, st?? ap????e?,
???e?a, p?at???a ??a????? p???s??, s??pe? ????et,
est?at???a ?a? catering.  
40
???????O??S 1. ?????? t?? ?ata?a??t?? ?
p??s????s? t?? asf??e?a? t?? t??f?µ?? ? ?p??a
e?f???eta? ?? ?SF????? ??? ?? S????? S??
???????, ??e? ????et??e? ??a ?a e?f??se? t?
???st? ep?ped? p??stas?a? t?? ?ata?a??t?. ?µ?? ?
?ata?a??t?? pa?aµ??e? ? te????? ap?d??t?? t??
p?????t?? ?a? f?s??? t?? p?e??e?t?µ?t?? ?
µe???e?t?µ?t?? p?? pa???s?????? se ?t? af??? t??
eµf???s?, t?? ?f?, t? ?e?s? ?a? p??? pe??ss?te??
t?? asf??e?? t???. ?a? a??µa, a?e???t?ta µe t??
p???t?ta ? t?? asf??e?a t?? p?????t??, ?
?ata?a??t?? e??a? ?pe?????? ??a t?? asfa??
s??t???s?, ?e???sµ? ?a? µa?e??eµa t?? t??f?µ??,
d??t? a??µa ?a? ta p?? asfa?? t??f?µa µp??e? ?a
?atast??? ????? ep????d??a ?ste?a ap?
?a??asµ????? ?e???sµ???. 2. ? e??µ???s?
t?? ?ata?a??t? Te??e?ta? p??ta?????? s?µas?a? ?a?
ap?te?e? ??a ap? ta s?µa?t???te?a ß?µata p??
?d????? st?? ap?f??? t??f??e??? ???µ??e?? ?a?
d???t????se??. ? ?ata?a??t?? s?µe?a de???e? ???
?a? µe?a??te?? e?d?af???? se ????? t??? t?µe??
t?? a????? ?a? f?s??? ?a? st?? a???? t??f?µ?? t??
?p??a ??e? s??d?se? ??? µ??? µe t?? p???t?ta ?a?
t?? asf??e?a a??? ?a? µe ???e? pa?aµ?t????, ?p??
? p??stas?a ?a? e????a t?? pa?a??????? ???? ??a
asfa??ste?a ?a? p?? ???e??? t??f?µa (ß?.
p?e??e?t?µata ß????????? e?t??f??)
41
????pa??? ??µ??es?a ??a ta t??f?µa, ta ?.?.
???s?µ?p????sa? d?af??et??? ???t???a ??a t??
ep?te??? t?? asf??e?a? t?? t??f?µ??. F?a?µ??
? st? eµp????
42
???a? apa?a?t?t? ?a d?µ???????e? ??a e??a??
s?st?µa a????e?s?µ?t?ta? t??f?µ?? ?a? ???t??f??
se ??a ta ?.?.
?ts? a?a??t????a? Ge????? p???p???se?? ??a t??
?SF????? ?O? ???F??O?
43
????pa??? ???? ??a t?? ?sf??e?a
t?? t??f?µ?? (Authority)
? ????pa??? ???? e??a? ??a a?e???t?t? s?µe??
a?af???? ?a? ? ????? t?? e??a?

• ?a ß????se? ta ?.?.

• ?a d?µ?s?e?e? p????f???e?

• ?a pa???e? ep?st?µ?????? s?µß????? ?a? te?????
  ?p?st?????

44

• ??d???te?a ? ????pa??? ???? µp??e? ?a
• ?pa?e?et?se? t? ???? t?? ??t?µ??t???? ?a? t??
  ???s?et???? st?? t??f? t??
• ????
• ?a e?f??se? ep?st?µ????? ?p??? s?et??? µe
  ?e?et??? t??p?p???µ??a p?????ta
• (GMOs) (Genetically Modified Organisms) -
  Directive 2001/18/EC(7).
• S??e?sf??e? st?? a??pt??? ?a? ?a?????s? d?e????
  ?a?????

??????????, ?????? ???S?????????
????????, ?????S????? ???F?????
?a? ???????S??????????
45

• ? ???O????? ????
• S??e????eta? µe t?? a?µ?d?e? a???? t?? ??at??
  ?e???
• ??µ?s?e?e? ep?st?µ?????? ap??e??
• ?aµß??e? µ?t?a ??a ?a ap?fe????ta? s??????se??
  (µeta?? ep?st?µ?????? ap??e??)
• ???e? t?? d?af???? µeta?? t?? ep?st?µ??????
  ?µ?d??
• ?a???e? st??? e?d?afe??µe???? a???ße??
  ep?st?µ?????? p????f???e?
• ??a?µat?p??e? ep?st?µ?????? µe??te?
• ???atast?se? ??a s?st?µa ??a t? s?????? ?a?
  a????s? t?? a?ad??µ???? ???d????

46

• S??e????eta? ste?? µe ta ???t? ???? ?a? ?a t???
  a?a??te? ?a?????ta
• ?a?aµ??e? p????? ?pe????? ??a t?? e??µ???s? se
  ?t? af??? t??
• a????s? ?a? d?a?e???s? ???d???? µeta?? t??
  ?.?.
• ???µe???e? t? ?????
• S??e????eta? µe t?? e??se?? ?ata?a??t?? ?a?
  ???e? s??afe??
• ?µ?de?.
• ??e??????e? t? s?µµet??? ????pa???? ??at?? µ?
  µe???

47
???S??? ????pa??? ???? ??a t?? asf??e?a t??
t??f?µ?? European Agency for the Evaluation of
Medicinal Products (EMEA) ? EMEA
??e? ?d? ??se? Maximum Residue Limits (MRLs) ?
????pa??? ???? ??a t?? asf??e?a t?? t??f?µ??
a?a??????e? ta ?p?????ta (MRLs) ??a ta
?t???at???? f??µa?a ?a? t?? ???t??f?? ??????
p????e?s??. s??e??as?a t?? ???? µe t??
????pa??? ???? ta ?RLs
48
? ??????S??S 178/2002/EC ?d??e? t??
???O????? ???? G?? ??? ?SF????? ?O? ???F??O?
49
??????S??S 178/2002/EC
S????S ??? ???S???
????? 1

• ?d??e? t?? European Food Safety Authority
  (????pa??? ???? ??a t?? ?sf??e?a t?? ???f?µ??)
• ??et??e? d?af???? µeta?? t?? ?.?
  (pe???aµßa??µ???? d?af???? ?a? a?t???se??
• se ?t? af??? ?????? t?p??? p?????ta) sta
  st?d?a t?? pa?a?????, epe?e??as?a? ?a?
• d?a????s??.

????? 2 ???sµ?? t?? t??f?µ??
???F? (? t??f?µ?") ?p??ad?p?te ??s?a
?aµß??eta? ap? t? st?µa ?a? ?f?stata?
t?
d?ad??as?a t?? p????. Sa? t??f? ?e?????ta? ta
p?t?, ? µast??e? ?a? t? ?e??. ?e? ?e?????ta?
t??f? ??a t?? ?????p? ?? ???t??f??, ta ???ta??
??a, ta f?t? p??? ap? t? s????µ?d?, ta
fa?µa?e?t??? p?????ta, ta ?a????t???, ? ?ap??? ta
?a???t??? ?a? ????t??pe? ??s?e? ?a? ta ?at????pa.
50
????? 3 ????? ???sµ??

• ?p??e???s? ???f?? ? ???t??f?? e??at?stas? p??
  s??d?eta? µe ?p???d?p?te
• st?d?? pa?a?????, epe?e??as?a? ? d?a??µ??
  t??f?µ?? (?e?d?s??p???? ? µ? ?a?a?t??a), (??a
  t??? ?t???t??f??? ?s??e? a??µa ?? a? p??????eta?
  ??a t? d?at??f? t?? ???? t???)
• ?e???st?? t??f?µ?? ???e p??s?p? ?pe????? ??a
  t?? efa?µ??? t?? ??µ??es?a? pe??
• t??f?µ?? µ?sa st?? ep??e???s?.
• ???t??f? ???e ??s?a p?? p??????eta? ??a t?
  d?at??f? t?? ????.
• ??a???? p???s? ap????e?s? st? s?µe?? t??
  p???s?? ? d?a??µ?? st?? te???? ?ata?a??t?.
• ??a????s? st?? a???? ap????e?s? p??? t?
  d?a??µ?, µetaf???, d?a??µ?.
• ???d???? p??a??t?ta eµf???s?? a?ep???µ?t??
  ap?te?esµ?t?? ap? t?? ?ata????s? t?? t??f?? p??
  ?a ??t??? se ???d??? t?? ??e?a.

51

• ???d???? ??????????, ??µ????, ? ap? f?s?????
  pa?????te? (???a s?µata) p??
• µp??e? ?a d?µ??????se? a?ep???µ?te? e????e?e?
  ?a? ß??ß? t?? ??e?a?.
• ?????e?s?µ?t?ta ? ??a??t?ta ?a d?ap?st????µe
  t?? p??? ap? ?p?? p?????eta? t?
• t??f?µ? ?a? ??? t? d????e?a t??
  epe?e??as?a?, ap????e?s?? ? d?a??µ?? sta
• s?µe?a ??a????? p???s??.
• ???t??e??? pa?a???? e?t??f?/?a??????e?a,
  s????µ?d?, ??µe?µa, ??????,
• ???eµa, s????µ?d? ?????? ???t??, µa??ta????
  ??p.
• ?e????? ?ata?a??t?? a?t?? p?? ?ata?a???e? t??
  t??f?

52
????T?S?? G?? ?? ???F???
????? 5 Ge????? ep?d???e?? af??? ??a ta
st?d?a pa?a?????, epe?e??as?a? ?a? µeta????s??
t??f?µ??.
?p?d???? t?? ??µ??es?a? ??a ta t??f?µa ??µ?s?a
??e?a, e?d?af????ta ?ata?a??t??, e?e??e??
d?a????s? t??f?µ?? st?? ?????t?ta, ??e?a t?? ????
?a? p??stas?a t?? ???? ?a? t?? pe??ß?????t??
????? 6 ?????s? ???d????
G?a t?? p??stas?a t?? ??µ?s?a? ??e?a? ? ??µ??es?a
??a ta t??f?µa p??pe? ?a ßas??eta? st?? a????s?,
t?? e?t?µ?s? ?a? t? d?a?e???s? t?? ???d????. ?
??t?µ?s? t?? ???d???? p??pe? a?t?????e?ta? µe
a?a?????sµ??e? ep?st?µ?????? µe??d??? ?
??a?e???s? t?? ???d???? p??pe? ?a ?aµß??e? ?p???
ta ap?te??sµata t?? e?t?µ?s?? t?? ???d???? ?a?
t?? ???µ? t?? ????pa???? ?????
53
????? 7 ???? t?? ????????

• ? ???a??t?ta ep????d???? pa?e?e??e??? ??a t??
  ??e?a t?? ?ata?a??t?
• (b) ? ep?st?µ????? aßeßa??t?ta ??a t??
  p?a?µat??? ? ??? ?pa??? a?t?? t?? pa?e?e??e???
  

?d????? st?? ap?fas? ????? µ?t??? a?t?µet?p?s??
t?? p??a??? ???d????, ?aµß????ta? ?p??? ?a?
t??? p??a???? pe?????sµ??? st? eµp???? ?a? t?
d?a????s? t?? p?????t?? p?? µp??e? ?a p????????
ap? a?t? ta µ?t?a ??t? ta µ?t?a p??pe? ?a
epa?e?etast??? µ?sa se ??a ?????? ???????
d??st?µa, ?ts? ?ste ?a? ? p??a??? ???d???? ?a
ap?fe???e? ?a? ?a a????? ?? t???? pe?????sµ?? st?
eµp???? p?? ????? ep?ß???e? ??a t? s???e???µ???
p?????. ??t? ?a ???e? µe t? ß???e?a
ep?st?µ?????? ??e??a?, ? ?p??a ?a pa???e? ta
apa?a?t?ta st???e?a p?? ?a ß????s??? ?a e?t?µ??e?
st?? p???? ????? pe??????a ?????? ? ???d???? ??a
t?? ??e?a
54
G?????S ??????T?S??S S?? ????T?S?? ?O? ???F??O?
????? 14 ????p???se?? st?? ?sf??e?a t??
???f?µ??

• S?????e??µaste ?t? µ? asfa?? t??f?µa
  ap???e???ta? ap? t?? ?ata????s? (t??f?µa p??
  ß??pt??? t?? ??e?a, t??f?µa a?at?????a ??a
  ?ata????s?)
• ???f?µa ep????d??a ??a t?? ??e?a e??a? a?t? p??
  p???a????
• (a) ???s????? ? µa???????a p??ß??µata st??
  ?ata?a??t? ? t??? ap??????? t??
• (ß) S?ss??e???ta? st?? ???a??sµ? ?a? t??
  ep?ßa?????? (DTT)
• (?) ????a???? ß??ße? st?? ??e?a e?pa???
  p????sµ?a??? ?µ?d?? (ß??f?, ?pe?????e?,
  a??s??atasta?µ??a ?t?µa)
• ??at?????? p??? ?ata????s? t??f?µ? e??a? e?e???
  p??
• ??e? µ?????e? ap? ???e? p??sµ??e?? (???a????? ?
  a????a?e?),
• ???s?eta? se ?at?stas? ap?s???es??, s???? ?
  f?????.
• ??? µ???? t?? pa?t?da? ????e? a?at?????? t?te
  ???????? ? pa?t?da p??pe? ?a ????e? a?at??????,
  e?t?? a? µet? ap? ep?staµ??? ??e??a ap?de??te? t?
  a?t??et?
• ?sfa??? t??f?µ? e??a? e?e??? p?? a?tap?????eta?
  st?? apa?t?se?? t?? ?????t???? ??µ??es?a?
• ?s??t?? µe t? a? ??a t??f?µ? e??a? p?st?p???µ???
  ap? t?? ????pa??? ??µ??es?a, ?? a???? t?? ???t???
  ?????? ?p?? ?????f??e? ????? d??a??µa ?a t?
  epa?e?et?s??? ef?s?? d?µ???????e? ?p??ad?p?te
  ?p????a ??a t?? ?ata?????t?t? t??.
• ?f?s?? de? ?p???e? ??p??a s?et??? ?????t???
  apa???e?s? ??a t??f?µ? ?e??e?ta? asfa??? ef?s??
  a?tap?????eta? st?? d?at??e?? t?? ??µ??es?a? pe??
  t??f?µ??, t?? ???t??? ?????? ?p?? pa???eta? ?a?
  ?????f??e?.