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LAB:Variation in a Species

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LAB:Variation in a Species What is the purpose of Part 1? (Measuring Pumpkin seeds) There is variation in size in Pumpkin plants. Variation can be measured. – PowerPoint PPT presentation

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Title: LAB:Variation in a Species


1
LABVariation in a Species
  • What is the purpose of Part 1?
  • (Measuring Pumpkin seeds)
  • There is variation in size in Pumpkin plants.
    Variation can be measured.

2
LABVariation in a Species
  • What is the purpose of Part 2?
  • (Calculate how long it takes pumpkin plants to
    take over the Earth)
  • There are reasons to explain why pumpkin plants
    have not ever taken over the Earth

3
LABVariation in a Species
  • What is the purpose of Part 3?
  • (Effect of predators on sweet cute Bonitos)
  • There are reasons to explain why the population
    of bonitos on one island look different from
    bonitos on another island

4
What is a species?
  • A group of living things that
  • are similar,
  • and can breed together in nature
  • to produce fertile offspring.

5
What is a population?
  • A group of living things that
  • belong to the same species,
  • live in the same area,
  • and can reproduce together.

6
What is a gene pool?
  • The total collection of genes in a population at
    any one time.

7
Hardy Weinberg
  • What is allele frequency?
  • 1908 Hardy and Weinberg invented the term
    allele frequency to describe the percentage of
    dominant and recessive alleles found in a
    populaton.

8
Hardy Weinberg
  • How is allele frequency measured?
  • Example a lizard population might have the
    following allele frequency for the alleles F and
    f
  • FF 0.64 (64)
  • Ff 0.32 (32)
  • ff 0.04 (4)

9
Hardy Weinberg
  • What is genetic equilibrium?
  • 1908 Hardy and Weinberg invented the term
    genetic equilibrium to describe a population in
    which the frequency of alleles stays the same
    from one generation to the next.

10
Hardy Weinberg
  • How was genetic equilibrium measured?
  • Hardy-Weinberg equations
  • p2 2pq q2 1
  • p q 1

11
Hardy Weinberg
  • Hardy-Weinberg Equations
  • Where p2 is the frequency of homozygous dominant
    individuals
  • Where 2pq is the frequency of heterozygous
    individuals
  • Where q2 is the frequency of homozygous recessive
    individuals

12
Hardy Weinberg
  • What causes genetic equilibrium?
  • There must be.
  • A large population
  • Members mating at random
  • No mutation
  • No migration
  • No natural selection

13
Hardy Weinberg
  • What can cause allele frequency to change?
  • Migration (also called gene flow)
  • Mutation
  • Mate selection (non-random mating)
  • Predators, disease, famine, drought, storms,
    accidents.
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