Battle of Hasting

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Battle of Hasting Bayeaux Tapestry

• 1-12-09

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England is constantly invaded

• 800s Vikings
• Eventually were able to turn them away
• Alfred the Great starts a line of kings
• 1016 Danish king Canute conquers England
• He merges all people into one society

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Edward

• King Edward takes the throne in 1042
• 1066 Edward dies
• Leaving no heir
• Struggle for the throne occurs and leads to one
  more invasion

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Norman Conquest

• William the Conqueror duke of Normandy attacks
• William is cousin of Edward claims that he is
  king
• Harold is Duke of England and claims he is king

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Battle of Hastings

• This is a decisive battle where Harold is killed
• William declares all of England his personal
  property
• Lays foundation for centralized government

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This Expands England
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Bayeaux Tapestry

• A piece of cloth that tells the story of the
  Battle of Hastings
• 20 inches tall and 230 ft long
• Written in Latin and embroidered
• LETS TAKE A LOOK AT IT!

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EDWARD REX. UBI HAROLD DUX ANGLORUM ET SUI
MILITES EQUITANT AD BOSHAM.

• King Edward. Where Harold, Earl of the English
  and his retinue ride to Bosham
• Harold Goodwinson confers with King Edward the
  Confessor and sets out on his Journey

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ECCLESIA. HIC HAROLD MARE NAVIGAVIT ET VELIS
VENTO PLENIS VENIT IN TERRAM WIDONIS COMITIS.

• "The church. Here Harold took to the sea and came
  with full sail to the territory of Count Guy.
• Harold and his men prepare for a sea voyage with
  a final prayer and meal. Then they board their
  ships, taking dogs and falcons with them.

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LEFT TEXT COMPLETED IN PREVIOUS SEGMENT, RIGHT
TEXT COMMENCES IN THE NEXT SEGMENT.

• Their landing on the coast of France is met by
  the hostile Guy of Ponthieu.

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HAROLD. HIC APPREHENDIT WIDO HAROLDUM ET DUXIT
EUM AD BELREM ET IBI EUM TENUIT.

• "Harold. Here Guy seized Harold and led him to
  Beaurain and retained him there.
• Harold is taken prisoner.

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UBI HAROLD ET WIDO PARABOLANT. UBI NUNTII
WILLEMNI DUCIS AD WIDONEM. TUROLD NUNTII WILLELMI

• "Where Harold and Guy converse. Where Duke
  William's messengers came to Guy. Turold
  William's messengers.
• While Harold talks with Guy, William of Normandy
  prepares a rescue mission.

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LEFT SIDE LATIN TEXT ON PREVIOUS SEGMENT.

• "Right hand side translation in the next
  segment.
• William's men hurry to Beaurain.

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HIC VENIT NUNTIAS AD WILGELMUM DUCEM. HIC WIDO
ADDUXIT HAROLDUM AD WILGELUM NORMANNORUM DUCUM.

• "Here the messengers came to Duke William. Here
  guy took Harold to William, Duke of Normandy."
• Guy surrenders his prisoner to William.

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HIC DUX WILGELM CUM HAROLDO VENIT AD PALATIUM
SUUM. UBI UNUS CLERICUS ET AELFGYVA.

• "Here Duke William comes to his palace with
  Harold. Where a certain clerk and Aelfgyva."
• Harold and William return to Normandy, where
  William's daughter Aelfgifu is betrothed to
  Harold.

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HIC WILLELM DUX ET EXERCITUS EJUS VENERUNT AD
MONTEM MICHAELIS.

• "Here Duke William and his army came to Mont St
  Michel.
• Harold and William celebrate their new
  relationship by fighting together against Conan
  of Brittany, but disaster nearly strikes at Mont.
  St. Michel.

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ET HIC TRANSIERUNT FLUMEN COSNOSIS. HIC HAROLD
DUX TRAHEBAT EOS DE ARENA. ET VENERUNT AD DOL ET
CONAN FUGA VERTIT. REDNES

• "And here they crossed the river Cuesnon. Here
  Earl Harold pulled them out of the sands. And
  they came to Dol, and Conan fled. Rennes.
• The battles continue at Dol and Rennes.

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HIC MILITES WILLEMI DUCIS PUGNANT CONTRA DINANTES
ET CUNAN CLAVES PORREXIT.

• "Here Duke William's soldiers fight against the
  inhabitants in Dinan, and Conan handed over the
  keys.
• At Dinan, the Duke of Brittany surrenders to
  William.

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HIC WILLELM DEDIT ARMA HAROLDO. HIC WILLELM VENI
BAGIAS.UBI HAROLD. SACRAMENTUM FECIT WILLELMO
DUCI.

• "Here William gave Harold weapons. Here William
  came to Bayeux.Where Harold gave his oath to Duke
  William."
• During the victory celebration William knights
  Harold, and Harold takes a solemn oath to become
  the man of William.

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HIC HAROLD DUX REVERSUS EST AD ANGLICAM TERRAM.

• "Here Earl Harold returned home to England.
• Harold returns to England.

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ET VENIT AD EDWARDUM REGUM. HIC PORTATUR CORPUS
AEDWARDI REGIS AD ECCLESIAM SCI PETRI APOSTILI.
HIC EADWARDUS REX IN LECTO ALLOQUITUR FIDELES. ET
HIC DEFUNCTUS EST.

• "And came to King Edward. Here King Edward's body
  is carried to St Peter the Apostle. Here King
  Edward in bed speaks to his faithful. And here he
  died.
• Edward the Confessor dies.

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HIC DEDERUNT HAROLDO CORONAM REGIS. HIC RESIDET
HOROLD REX ANGLORUM. STIGANT ARCHIEPISCOPUS. ISTI
MIRANT STELLAM.

• "Here they gave the royal crown to Harold. Here
  enthroned is Harold, King of England. Archbishop
  Stigand. These people marvel at the star.
• Harold is crowned King of England. Look for
  Haley's Comet.

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HAROLD.HIC NAVIS VENIT IN TERRAM WILLELMI DUKIS.
HIC WILLEM DUX IUSSIT NAVES EDIFICARE.

• "Harold.Here an English ship came to Duke
  William's country. Here duke William ordered the
  building of ships.
• Word of Harold's coronation travels to William.

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TEXT INCLUDED IN PREVIOUS SEGMENT

• Translation on previous segment

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HIC TRAHUNT NAVES AD MARE. ISTI PORTANT ARMAS AD
NAVES. ET HIC TRAHUNT CARRUM CUM VINO ET ARMIS.

• "Here they pull the ships to the sea. These men
  carry weapons down to the ships. And here they
  pull a cart loaded with weapons.
• The ships take on their supplies.

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HIC WILLEM DUX IN MAGNO NAVIGIO MARE ......

• "Here William crosses in a large ship over the
  sea ......
• The horses board, and the ships set sail.

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TRANSIVIT ET VENIT AD PEVENSEAE.

• and came to Pevensey.
• The fleet sails under the protection of the pope
  (look for his banner) and lands at Pevensey.

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HIC EXEUNT DE NAVIBUS . ET HICMILITES
FESTINAVERUNT HESTINGHAM UTCIBUM RAPERENTUR.

• "Here the horses go ashore. And here the soldiers
  hurried to Hastings to requisition food.
• The Normans disembark and ride to Hastings.

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HIC EST WADARD. HIC COQUITOR CARO. ET HIC
MINISTRAVERUNT MINISTRI.

• "Here is Wadard. Here meat is cooked. And here
  the servants serve the food.
• The cooks prepare food.

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HIC FECERUNT PRANDIUM. HIC EPISCOPUS CIBUM ET
POTUM BENEDICIT. ODO EPISCOPUS. WILLELM. ROTBERT.
ISTE IUSSIT UT FODERETUR CASTELLUM.....

• "Here they dined. And here the Bishop blesses the
  food and wine. Bishop Odo. William. Robert. He
  ordered defences dug.....
• William and his lords celebrate at a banquet.

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AT HESTENGAMCEASTRA. HIC NUNTIATUM EST WILLELMO
DE HARALDO. HIC DOMUS INCEDITUR. HIC MILITES.....

• "at Hastings. Here William received news of
  Harold. Here the house is set on fire. Here the
  soldiers left Hastings, and went to do battle
  with King Harold.
• The Normans build their camp and prepare for
  battle.

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EXIERUNT DE HESTENGA AT VENERUNT AD PRELIUM
CONTRA HAROLDUM REGEM

• "left Hastings, and went to do battle with King
  Harold.
• The Norman army assembles.

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HIC WILLELM DUX INTERROGAT VITAL SI VIDISSET
EXERCITUM HAROLDI.

• "Here Duke William asks Vital whether he has seen
  Harold's army.
• The Normans ride out to meet the Anglo-Saxons.

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OSTE NUNTIAT HAROLDUM REGEM DE EXERCITU WILLELMI
DUCIS. (CONTINUES NEXT SEGMENT)

• "This man informs King Harold about Duke
  William's army.
• Harold is warned of the advance, and William
  gives a pep talk to his men.

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(CONTINUES ON NEXT SEGMENT)

• "(continues on the next segment)
• The Normans attack on horseback.

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HIC WILLELM DUX ALLOQUITUR SUIS MILITIBUS UT
PREPARARENT SE VIRILITER ET SAPIENTER AD PRELIUM
CONTRA ANGLORUM EXERCITUM

• "Here Duke William exhorts his soldiers to
  prepare themselves like men and wisely for the
  battle against the English army.
• The Anglo-Saxons meet their attack on foot.

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HIC CECIDERUNT LWEINE ET GYRD

• "Here fell Leofwine and Gyrth,
• Harold's brothers are killed in the battle.

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FRATRES HAROLDI REGIS. HIC CECIDERUNT SIMUL ANGLI
ET FRANCI IN PRELIO.

• "brothers of King Harold.Here fell the English
  and the French simultaneously in the battle.
• The battle rages.

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HIC ODO EPISCOPUS BACULUM TENENS CONFORTAT
PUEROS. HIC EST WILLELM DUX.

• "Here Bishop Odo with a staff in his hand
  encourages his Squires. Here is Duke William.
• The Anglo-Saxons defend the top of a hill, and
  William must prove to his men that he is still in
  charge.

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EUSTASIUS. HIC FRANCI PUGNANT.

• "Eustace. Here the French do battle.
• Newly encouraged, the Normans attack viciously.

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ET CECIDERUNT QUI ERANT CUM HAROLDO. HIC HAROLD
REX INTERFECTUS EST.

• "And those who were with Harold fell. Here King
  Harold was killed.
• Harold is struck in the eye by an arrow and dies.

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ET FUGA VERTERUNT ANGLI.

• "And the English fled.
• The Normans are victorious.

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THE END
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Magna Carta
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