Louisiana Purchase

1
Louisiana Purchase

• For political reasons, the French offered to sell
  the Louisiana Territory to the U.S. On October
  30, 1803, the Senate approved the treaty.

2
The Louisiana Purchase
EVENTS THAT LED TO THE LOUISIANA PURCHASE
Jefferson wanted to prevent the French from
controlling New Orleans.
Jefferson sends Livingston to France to purchase
New Orleans and Florida.
France offers to sell all of Louisiana to help
fund war against Great Britain.
The United States purchases the Louisiana
Territory from France.
3
Achievements of the Lewis and Clark Expedition

• gained knowledge about the west and a route
  across the Rockies
• made contact with American Indians
• collected scientific information on plants and
  animals

4
The United States placed an embargo on France and
Great Britain to

• punish them
• protect American neutrality

5
Reasons for Declaring War on Britain in 1812

• to protect American independence and neutrality
• to give U.S. a chance to expand
• to respond to pressure from Warhawks

6
Actions of American Indians

• The Indians allied with the British in the War of
  1812 and aided them in fighting battles.

7
British Strategy in the East

• blockade Atlantic seaports
• attack the U.S. capital

8
The End of the War of 1812

• The War of 1812 ended following the Battle of New
  Orleans and with the signing of the Treaty of
  Ghent on December 24, 1814.

9
Why Monroe Issued the Monroe Doctrine

• Monroe issued the Monroe Doctrine because he
  feared that Latin American independence would
  encourage European powers to take control on the
  newly independent countries.

Monroe Doctrine President James Monroes
statement forbidding further colonization in the
Americas and declaring that the United States
would view any attempt by a foreign country to
colonize as a hostile act
10
The Missouri Compromiseaddressed two issues

• the expansion of slavery
• the balance of free and slave states

11
Transportation Improvements

• united the country
• aided trade and economy

12
Nullification Crisis

• Northern manufacturers wanted high tariffs and
  the southern farmers wanted low tariffs leading
  to the nullification crisis.
• The crisis was resolved by a congressional
  compromise to lower tariffs gradually.

13
Jacksons Position on a National Bank

• Jackson opposed the power of a national bank.
• His opposition effected the economy by leading to
  inflation.

14
Indian Removal Act

• To end Indian conflicts and to open a southern
  settlement, Congress passed the Indian Removal
  Act in 1830 which authorized the removal of
  Indians east of the Mississippi River.

15
Cherokees resisted removal by

• adopting white culture
• creating a government based on the U.S.
• suing the state of Georgia

16
The Indian Response

• The Indians met removal with armed resistance
  leading to many Indian deaths.

17
Indian Removal
Reasons for American Indian Removal Policy
to end disputes between American Indians and
settlers
to open up American Indian land to settlers
18
Events Leading to the Republic of Mexico

• Mexico revolted against Spanish rule.
• Mexico defeated Spanish troops in 1821.
• Constitution of 1824 made Mexico a republic.

19
Mexican War Changed California and Texas

• Missions ended and ranches were created.
• Texas merged with Coahuila to form state of
  Coahuila y Texas.

20
Causes for Texas Rebellion against Mexico

• unjust laws and representation in Mexican
  government
• increased tariffs on U.S. goods
• suspension of the republican constitution in 1834

21
Important Events of the Texas Revolution

• Battle of Gonzales
• Government formed to defeat Santa Anna and
  restore the republican constitution
• Fall of the Alamo
• Battle of Goliad and San Jacinto

22
Result of the Texas Revolution

• The result of the Texas Revolution was
  independence for Texas.

23
Oregon Country

• The fur trade also drew settlers to the Oregon
  Country.
• Settlers also wanted to use the Columbia River
  and its surrounding land.

24
Life on the Oregon Trail

• trip was long, dangerous, and costly
• shortage of food, supplies, and water

25
Americans Traveled to California

• Americans traveled to California in the early
  1800s to use as a meeting ground for merchants
  and traders and to establish permanent
  settlements.

26
Santa Fe Trail

• The Santa Fe Trail was established as a trade
  route for settlers to the Southwest.

27
Manifest Destiny and Expansion

• Social Factors The desire to spread religious
  beliefs and ease overcrowding combined with a
  belief in American superiority

28
Acquiring Oregon and Texas

• Oregon
• Britain and the United States signed a treaty in
  1846 dividing Oregon at the 49th parallel.
• Texas
• Texas congress approved annexation and Texas
  became the 28th state in December 1845.

29
Causes of the Mexican War

• Annexation of Texas in 1845
• American settlers anger over being forced to
  leave California
• Border disputes
• Mexican attack on U.S. soldiers
• Congress declares war May 11, 1846

30
Reaction to War

• Volunteers joined war effort.
• War led to greater national pride and support on
  the homefront.
• Whigs, abolitionists, and transcendentalists
  opposed the war.
• abolitionist a person that is opposed to slavery

31
Major Events and Battles

• Palo Alto and Resaca de la Palma May 8-9, 1846
• Santa Fe 1846
• Bear Flag Revolt June 1846
• Battles at Monterrey, San Diego, Los Angeles and
  San Francisco 1846

32
Terms of the Treaty of Guadalupe Hidalgo
February 1848

• Ceded much of Mexicos northern territory to the
  United States in what became known as the Mexican
  Cession. This land included the present day
  states of California, Nevada, and Utah. It also
  included most of Arizona, New Mexico and parts of
  Colorado and Wyoming.

33
Terms of the Treaty of Guadalupe Hidalgo
February 1848
(continued)

• U.S. also got the area claimed by Texas north of
  the Rio Grande.
• U.S. agreed to pay Mexico 15 million and assume
  claims of more than 3 million held by American
  citizens against Mexico.
• Addressed the status of Mexicans in the Mexican
  Cession.

34
People rushed to California in l849

• looking for gold
• hoping to strike it rich

Some of these people became known as forty-niners.
35
Life in Mining Camps and Towns

• lack of law and order
• diverse populations
• high prices/inflation
• lack of available goods and services

36
The Gold Rush Changed California

• population growth
• increased immigration
• improved economy
• society became stable
• became eligible for statehood