The Monroe Doctrine

1
The Monroe Doctrine

• Designed to prevent foreign involvement in
  weakened Spanish western hemisphere
• Written and negotiated by Adams
• States that this hemisphere is off-limits to
  foreign intrusions
• Supported by Britain
• (why?)

2
New Democracy, JQA, Jackson, Van Buren
3

• I can account for the democratization of American
  politics in the early 19th century.
• I can explain the rising sectionalism in the
  early 19th century.
• I can evaluate the presidency of Andrew Jackson.

4
The New Democracy
5
Effects of the New Democracy

• New style of politician
• More focused on people
• Less elite and less traditional
• More policies that favor the South
• and the West
• infrastructure
• Indian removal

6
The Election of 1824
Candidates
John Quincy Adams
Andrew Jackson
Henry Clay
William Crawford
Jackson wins the most popular votes (43 and
electoral votes (38) House will decide the
winner
7
(No Transcript)
8
The Election in the House of Representatives of
1825
9
The Corrupt Bargain

• Three days before the House vote, JQA and Clay
  meet Clay then endorses Adams for president

Clay then becomes Secretary of State, corrupt
bargain alleged Jackson vows to overturn
political system
10
The Adams Administration

• Problems as president Lacked
  political skills
• Last of the aristocratic, elite presidents
  
• Unproductive, constantly opposed by Jacksons
  supporters in the Congress
• Never accepted by many Americans as president

11
The Adams Administration

• 1828 Tariff (Tariff of Abominations) raised
  tariff on many items bought by southerners

Opposed by VP John C. Calhoun of S. Carolina
12
The Common MansPresidential Candidate
13
Background of Jackson

• War Hero
• Creek Wars (1813 -1814)
• Battle of New Orleans (1815)
• Seminole Wars (1818 -1819)
• Champion of the People
• Congressman, Senator, and Governor of Tennessee
• Self-Made Millionaire

14
The Election of 1828
Rematch between Adams and Jackson
One of the dirtiest elections in history
The Coffin Handbill accuses Jackson of
committing murder during the War of 1812 also
accuses him of murder during the acquisition of
Florida
15
The Election of 1828
Accusations against Rachel Jackson of bigamy
true or not?
Jackson never forgives Clay or Adams for not
stopping attacks on his wife her death impacts
the way he governs as president
16
The Election of 1828
17
White House Inauguration, March, 1829
18
Jacksons Faith in the Common Man

• Intense distrust of Easternestablishment,
  monopolies, special privilege.
• His heart soul was with the plain folk.
• Belief that the common man was capable of
  uncommon achievements.

19
Jackson as President

• Governs with emotion often let passion get in
  the way of reason
• Loved by most, hated by many
• Nationalist, opposed sectionalism
• Expansive use of presidential power
• Made the presidency the center of government

20
Political Innovations

• The use of the veto use for other than
  constitutional reasons
• The spoils system rotating govt. jobs among
  supporters
• The Kitchen Cabinet group of advisors,
  mostly wartime friends and Tennessee cronies

21
Jacksons Use of Federal Power
VETO
1830 ? Maysville Road project in KY
state of his political rival, Henry
Clay
22
The Peggy Eaton Affair

• Wife of Cabinet member John Eaton supposed
  scandalous past led to gossip among wives of
  other Cabinet members

23
Fallout From the Peggy Eaton Affair

• Jackson demands apologies from Cabinet all
  resign except Martin Van Buren
• Calhoun resigns as VP,
• returns as SC Senator
• Eatons leave Washington

24
The Nullification Crisis of 1832

• Causes
• The Tariff of Abominations
• Growing Sectionalism between North and South
• Political conflicts between Jackson and Calhoun

25
The Compromise Tariff of 1833

• Possible military action against South Carolina
• Compromise tariff passed by Henry Clay
• Conflict avoided impact upon 1832 election

26
1832 Election

• Clay vs. Jackson
• Rise of third parties
• the Anti-Masonic Party
• Innovations
• the platform
• the convention method of nominating candidates

William Wirt
27
1832 Election Results
Main Issues Tariff and King Andrew
28
An 1832 Cartoon KingAndrew