Sentences

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Sentences

• Writing sentences that make sense!

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A sentence is also known as an independent
clause and consists of two separate parts

• the SUBJECT

• the PREDICATE

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Subjects Predicates

• The complete subject of a sentence includes all
  the words that tell who or what the subject is.
• The complete predicate includes all the words
  that state the action or condition of the
  subject.
• EXAMPLE
• The dusty old car / wont start anymore
• subject predicate

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• Zeus wont let mortals have power, so they got
  mad at him.
• Hope was considered an evil, yet it inspired
  mortals to try to overcome odds anyway.
• Women are a beautiful evil, but men loved them
  anyway.
• Pandora was the first woman in Greek mythology,
  so she was responsible for unleashing all the
  evil in the world.

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Simple Sentences

• Compound Subject
• Compound Predicate
• Compound Subject and Predicate

Elizabeth and Anthony got As on the vocabulary
test
S
V
Sabrina took skiing lessons and went snorkeling
last vacation
S
V
V
Gus and Chris studied for the test and wrote
their essays
S
V
V
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Practice Simple Sentences

• With a partner, create one of each type of these
  simple sentences
• As a result, you will each have three original
  sentences total in your notes
• 1 SS with Compound Subject (1 minute)
• 1 SS with Compound Predicate (1 minute)
• 1SS with Compound Subject AND Compound Predicate
  (2 minutes)

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Sentence Review

• Simple Sentence
• The boy threw the ball

verb
Subject
Predicate
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Independent Clauses

• A simple sentence is also known as an independent
  clause that means it can stand on its own
  because it has a clear subject and predicate.
• Example
• The chef created a sumptuous meal
• Subject Predicate
• for his diners.
• Prepositional phrase adds additional details

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Compound Sentences

• Two Independent Clauses (clauses that can stand
  alone as a sentence) combined into one sentence
  using proper punctuation and conjunctions.

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Think of joining two independent clauses like two
trains heading toward each other on the same
track
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Without a link, what will happen?

• With trains. Uh Oh!

• With sentences or ideas?.... Confusion

• Adam is a sweet boy he really loves animals. His
  father works at a zoo and he leaves for work in
  the morning he works all day but calls home twice
  once in the morning and again after lunch just to
  check in on him and his little brother Adam got
  his sweetness from his mother she is a baker in a
  donut shop. Ha ha ha ha Do you get why he is so
  sweet his mother works in a bake shop
  consequently Adam is a sweet boy? I bet he likes
  candy and brownies too.

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The Link!!

• There are actually THREE ways to make a compound
  sentence!
• Theyre all based on the rule of combining two
  independent clauses
• The way you join them can change!

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Compound Sentences

• Two independent clauses joined by a comma and a
  coordinating conjunction
• Ex Emma is talented at drawing, so she
  illustrates all of her notes.

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Coordinating Conjunctions

• F
• A
• N
• B
• O
• Y
• S

or
nd
or
ut
r
et
o
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Method 1

• Two independent clauses joined by a comma and a
  coordinating conjunction
• Ex Garrets performance art show opened today,
  and the crowd was immense.
• Ex Ruby wanted to buy a French bulldog puppy, so
  she started saving her money

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Your Turn

• With a neighbor, create a compound sentence using
  Method 1. Remember, you need to use a
  coordinating conjunction (or FANBOYS word) to
  join your two independent clauses (2 mins)

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Coordinating Conjunctions

• and means in addition
• but, yet means in contrast
• for means because
• nor means not either
• or means either, a choice
• so means as a result

• Using any of these conjunctions in a compound
  sentence has a very specific meaning

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A Word of Caution!

• BE CAREFUL Then, also, and plus are not
  coordinating conjunctions. By themselves, they
  cannot join two ideas.

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Some Examples
Result Josh doesnt like mushrooms or peas, so
he refused to eat his dinner. Because Jane was
stranded in the street, for her car broke
down. Result  We failed to complete the task, so
we now have to do it for homework.
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You Try!

• We couldnt play basketball. It was snowing
  outside.
• The kids woke up late. They were late for
  school.
• We wanted to go sledding. It was too cold
  outside.

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Practice

• Pick one of these conjunctions to create compound
  sentences using Method 1 (2 mins)
• (try to avoid using and)

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Method 2

• Two independent clauses joined by a semicolon
• Ex. Its too hot inside my apartment lets go to
  the lake.
• Ex. This was a beautiful autumn the colors of
  the leaves were stunning.

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Whats a Semi-Colon?

• A semi-colon joins two independent clauses to
  create a compound sentence
• A semi-colon is used in place where a conjunction
  has been left out.
• Example I used to think semi-colons could only
  be used to send winks via text messages I now
  see their relevance in creating compound
  sentences. )

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Your Turn

• With a neighbor, using facts from the two myths
  our groups recently read (The Blue Corn Maiden
  The Origins of the Seasons), create an
  original compound sentence using METHOD 2
  (2 mins)
• Independent clause Independent clause
  Method 2

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Creating Compound SentencesMethod 3

• Two independent clauses joined by a semicolon and
  a conjunctive adverb
• A conjunctive adverb can join two main clauses.
  In this situation, the conjunctive adverb behaves
  like a coordinating conjunction, connecting two
  complete ideas.
• Notice, however, that you need a semicolon, not a
  comma, to connect the two clauses

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Recognize a Conjunctive Adverb When You See One

• Conjunctions have one job, to connect. They join
  words, phrases, or clauses together to clarify
  what the writer is saying. Their presence
  provides smooth transitions from one idea to
  another.
• When the job of an adverb is to connect ideas, we
  call it a conjunctive adverb.

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(some) Conjunctive Adverbs
accordingly still furthermore
moreover similarly however
nevertheless besides incidentally
indeed nonetheless therefore
consequently instead thus
finally likewise otherwise
undoubtedly further meanwhile
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Some Examples of Compound Sentences using Method
3main clause    conjunctive adverb
 ,  main clause.

• Ex. It rained heavily in the afternoon however,
  Sarah managed to have the picnic anyway.
• Ex. Liam couldn't make it to the summit and back
  before dark therefore, he decided to camp for
  the night

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Compound Sentence Practice!

• With a neighbor, write your own sentence
  describing events from your weekend using Method
  3 (3 mins)
• Method 3
• main clause    conjunctive adverb  ,  main
  clause.

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When do you use them?

• Each method has a different application.
• Methods 1 and 3 emphasize relationship and
  cause-effect
• Method 2 is for two related ideas that do not
  need an explicit link