How%20to%20Write%20and%20Publish%20a%20Scientific%20Research%20Paper?

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How to Write and Publish aScientific Research
Paper?

• Dr. N. AUDINARAYANA
• Professor and Head. Dept. of Sociology
  Population StudiesDean, Faculty of Social
  Sciences
• Bharathiar University
• COIMBATORE 641 046
• E-mail audinarayana.bu_at_gmail.com

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• Day (1983) - A Scientific Paper is
• - the first publication of original research
  results,
• - in a form whereby peers of the authors can
  repeat the experiments and test the conclusions,
  and
• - in a journal or other source document readily
  available within the research community.
• Thus, scientific papers are published in
  peer-reviewed publications.

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Organization of a Scientific Paper

• Title of the Paper Abstract
• Introduction Materials and Methods
• Results Discussion
• Acknowledgements References
• Appropriate Language is very important
• Best English is that which gives the
• sense in the fewest short words

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Preparation of the Title
Fewest possible words that adequately
describe the contents of the paper Day
(1983) 8-12 words are Ideal for a Title Use
of waste Words be Avoided A Study on, An
Investigation into, Observations on, etc.
Careful of Syntax Order of Words Imp.
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Listing of Names of the Authors and their
Addresses
By Seniority By Knowledge By
Headship Individual Contribution
is the Best Abstracting and Indexing
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Preparation of Abstract
Summary of the information in a document
50 - 100 Words Should be designed to define
clearly what is dealt within the paper
(i) the principal objectives and scope
of the investigation, (ii) describe the
methodology employed, (iii) summarize the
results, and (iv) state the principal
conclusions. Key Words, if any, have to
be given

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Introduction

• Should supply sufficient background information
  so as to allow the reader to understand and
  evaluate the results
• Rationale of the present study
• State briefly and clearly about the purpose of
  the paper
• the nature and scope of the problem investigated,
  
• review the pertinent literature to orient the
  reader, and

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Introduction (Cont)
- state the method of investigation with
the reasons for the choice of a particular
method Define any Specialized Terms
Abbreviations which
are used in the paper
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Materials and Methods
Enough details about Experiments, since it is
subject to peer review Materials Technical
Specifications Quantities and
Source Respondents
Area of the Study
Type of Data Used
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Materials and Methods (Conti)
Methods Sampling Techniques
Methods or Tools of Data
Collection Measurement of
Variables
Type of Analysis Statistical
Tools Used
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Results
This is the Core of the Research Paper
Firstly, Overall Description
then Present the Data
Tables/Graphs, Statistics, etc. If
Statistics are used to describe the results,
they should be apt to the Analysis and
Paper Short Sweet Clear Simple
Avoid redundancy Minimum Tables Figures /
Graphs Cost is High
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Discussion
This is the Hardest Section to Write Many
Papers will be Rejected
- Faulty Discussion Many Discussions are
Too Long and Verbose -
Try to present the Principal Relationships
and Generalizations shown by the results - In a
good discussion, you discuss, you do not
recapitulate the results
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Discussion (Cont)
- Point out any exceptions or any lack of
correlation, and define unsettled points -
Show how your Results and Interpretations
Agree (or Contrast) with Earlier Publi. Work -
Discuss the Theoretical Implications as well
as Possible Practical Applications of your
work - State your Conclusions as clearly as
possible - Summarize your evidence for
each Conclusion
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Discussion (Cont)
Discussion should end with a Short
Summary Exhibit the Whole Truth than
Presenting Cosmic Conclusions If
Possible, Policy Implications may be
Discussed Some places the Results and
Discussion will be in One Section
Conclusions and Implications would be added
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Acknowledgements
Acknowledge any Significant Help
received from any Individual, Laboratory,
Language Editing, Suggestions, etc.
Help of anyone who Contributed
Significantly to the Work or the
Interpretation Any Financial Assistance
Grants, Fellowships etc.
Importance is Element of Courtesy
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References
Important Section, but most of us will
Neglect Reference Style vary from
Journal to Journal By Name and Year By
Number in Order of Citation By Column
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Publishing the Paper
The Manuscript has to be Typed in an Elegant
Manner and then Send it to the Journal of
Interest Receiving Acknowledgement with
Reference Number, etc. Receiving Acceptance
Letter / Rejection Letter Receiving
Galley Proofs for Final Corrections (with
Editorial Mistakes) Receiving Published Copy
of the Journal with Reprints (Free if any)
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Publishing the Paper (Cont)
Receiving Letter to Revise the Manuscript
Comments of the Reviewer(s) Receiving Letter
to Revise the Paper and Sending it Back to
the Editor Receiving the Acceptance Letter
Receiving Galley Proofs for final
Corrections (with Editorial Mistakes)
Receiving Published Copy of the Journal
with Reprints (Free if any)
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Thank You