Seeking Religious Freedom

1
Seeking Religious Freedom

• Chapter 3
• Section 5

2
European States and Religion

• In Europe during the 1500s it was not easy for
  people to practice religion freely.
• After the Protestant Reformation European
  Christians were divided into Protestant and Roman
  Catholics.
• Because of this division there were many wars.

3
European States and Religion

• In France the Protestants and Catholics fought
  each other for nearly 40 years.
• Thousands upon thousands died because of their
  religious beliefs.
• Many leaders during this time believed that they
  could not maintain order unless they supported
  one religion.
• The chosen religion was known as what?

4
European States and Religion

• In England the established church was the
  Anglican church.
• In 1530s Parliament passed laws that made the
  English monarch the head of the Anglican church.
• In England and other countries those who did not
  follow the established church were persecuted.

5
European States and Religion

• Define persecution.
• What were some of the consequences people faced
  in their persecution?
• One example of people that faced persecution were
  Pilgrims at the time they were known as
  Separatist.
• Why were they called Separatists?

6
European States and Religion

• In the early 1600s a group of Separatist left
  England for Leyden a city in the Netherlands.
  Here they were allowed to practice their religion
  freely.
• Why did the Separatist want to leave the
  Netherlands?

7
The Pilgrim Colony at Plymouth

• The Separatists decided to return to England.
• The Separatists were able to attain a charter to
  set up a colony in Virginia.
• In September 1620 more than 100 men, women, and
  children set sail across the Atlantic Ocean on
  the Mayflower .

8
The Pilgrim Colony at Plymouth

• After a two month voyage in November 1620 the
  Mayflower landed on the shores of Cape Cod in
  Massachusetts.
• The Pilgrims had planned to sail further south
  along the Hudson River but were too exhausted to
  continue.
• The Pilgrims decided to name their new settlement
  what?

9
The Pilgrim Colony at Plymouth

• The Pilgrims realized that they were not settling
  within the boundaries of Virginia and thus the
  Virginia Charter did not protect them and who
  would govern them.
• This raised a problem. Many of those on the
  Mayflower were not Pilgrims. These strangers as
  they were referred to said they would not obey
  the Pilgrims.

10
The Pilgrim Colony at Plymouth

• The Pilgrims joined together and wrote the
  framework for governing their colony.
• On November 11, 1620, 41 male passengers both
  Pilgrim and non- Pilgrims signed the Mayflower
  Compact.

11
The Pilgrim Colony at Plymouth

• The Mayflower Compact is important because it
  demonstrates how the Pilgrims found themselves
  without a government and how they banned together
  to make laws.
• Later they also set up a government in which
  adult male colonist elected what?

12
The Pilgrim Colony at Plymouth

• The Mayflower Compact was very much like which
  other document?
• These two documents were similar because it
  strengthened the English tradition of governing
  through elected representatives.
• The Pilgrims were the first to come to North
  America to do what?

13
The Pilgrim Colony at Plymouth

• What was hypocritical of the idea of religious
  freedom?
• Define precedent.
• What would become the corner stone of American
  democracy?
• The Pilgrims built their settlement on the site
  of Native American village that had been
  abandoned because of disease.

14
The Pilgrim Colony at Plymouth

• What did the colonists find in the abandoned
  village?
• The Pilgrims failed to bring with them enough
  food and it was too late to grow new crops.
• To make matters worse the late arrival of
  Pilgrims did not give them enough time to build
  proper homes to protect them from the harsh
  weather.

15
The Pilgrim Colony at Plymouth

• What did they make their homes of?
• Nearly half of the settlers died of disease or
  starvation. Among the dead was the colonies first
  governor. Took his place William Bradford.
• How long did Bradford govern Plymouth?
• What was this difficult time called?

16
The Pilgrim Colony at Plymouth

• Finally, in the spring the surviving Pilgrims
  cleared land and began to plant crops.
• Who did the Pilgrims meet that spoke English? How
  did learn English? Who did he introduce the
  Pilgrims to?
• How do Squanto and John Smith know each other?
• Squanto brought the Pilgrims seeds- corn, beans,
  and pumpkins and he showed them how to plant them.

17
The Pilgrim Colony at Plymouth

• Squanto also taught the Pilgrims how to catch
  eels from nearby rivers.
• What did the Pilgrims call Squanto?
• By fall the Pilgrims had a very good harvest.
  They set a day aside to give thanks. In later
  years the Pilgrims celebrated after every harvest
  now called Thanksgiving.