Charlemagne EMPIRE

1
Charlemagne EMPIRE

• Chapter 13
• Section 1

2
Key Terms

• Charlemagne
• Papal States
• Baron

3
Invasions of Western Europe

• 5th Century Germanic tribes overrun the Romans
• Disruption of trade
• Merchants face invasions, business collapses
• Downfall of cities
• Cities abandoned as centers of administration

4
Invasions of Western Europe

• Population shifts
• Nobles retreat to rural areas
• City dwellers flee to countryside
• Grew their own food
• Western Europe becomes rural

5
The Decline of Learning

• Germanic invaders could not read or write
• Learning declined as families moved to the
  country
• Priests and church officials were literate
• Few could read Greek works
• Germans no written language

6
Loss of Common Language

• Germanic speaking mixed with Romans
• Latin changed
• Different dialects developed with new words and
  phrases
• 800s, French, Spanish, and other roman based
  languages evolved from Latin

7
Germanic Kingdoms Emerge

• 400-600 small Germanic kingdoms emerge
• Concept of Government Changes
• Family ties personal loyalty replace citizenship
  in a public state
• Lived in small communities
• Unwritten rules

8
Monasteries, Convents, Manuscripts

• Monasteries is a religious community
• Men called monks devote lives to God
• Women called nuns went to convents
• 520 Benedict Italian monk wrote strict rules

9
Monasteries, Convents, and Manuscripts

• Scholastica (Benedicts sister) headed a convent
  under the same rules
• Monasteries best educated communities
• 600-700s Monks made beautiful copies of
  religious writings
• Preserved Romes heritage

10
Papal Power Expands Under Gregory

• Used church revenues to raise armies, repair
  roads, help the poor
• Negotiate peace treaty with the Lombard's
• Italy to England, Spain to Germany his
  responsibility
• Churchly kingdom ruled by a pope (Middle Ages)

11
Charles Martel Emerges

• 700 major domo or mayor of the palace most
  powerful person
• Charge of royal household and estates
• 719 Charles Martel
• 732 defeats Muslims in the Battle of Tours

12
Charles Martel Emerges

• Became a Christian hero
• Gave power to his son Pippin III
• Pippin III worked with the Pope
• Pippin fought Lombard's at church request
• Carolingian Dynasty rules Franks 751-987

13
Charlemagne Becomes Emperor

• Ruled kingdom 64 tall
• Built empire greater than ancient Rome
• Fought Muslims in Spain
• Reunited western Europe
• Spread Christianity through conquered lands
  

14
Charlemagne Becomes Emperor

• 800 Charlemagnes empire larger than Byzantine
  Empire
• 800 traveled to Rome and put down a mob
• Pope Leo II confers title of Roman Emperor
• Joining of Germanic power and the church

15
Charlemagne Rule

• Limited power of nobles
• Appointed counts to rule parts of the empire in
  his name
• Bound by oath to obey
• Granted large blocks of land and considerable
  authority
• Had to answer to Charlemagne

16
Charlemagnes Rule

• To keep tabs on his counts
• Charlemagne sent inspectors out to visit the
  counts
• If the counts did a good job they were rewarded
• Counts punished if they do a bad job

17
Charlemagnes Achievements

• Politics- unites Europe for the first time since
  the fall of Rome
• Education-built schools and preserved ancient
  writings
• Religion-spread Christianity among conquered
  people
• Law- Developed a written legal code

18
Charlemagnes Heirs

• Opened a palace school
• Ordered monasteries to train monks and future
  priests
• Louis the Pious emperor
• ineffective ruler
• Had three sons
• 843 Treaty of Verdun divided the kingdom into 3
  parts