The Byzantine Empire

1
The Byzantine EmpireThe New Rome

• AP World History
• Unit 2

2
Byzantium and Romes Legacy

• What does Rome mean?
• Is the ideal of Rome greater than the reality of
  Rome?
• In what way was Byzantium a different place than
  Rome politically, intellectually, culturally, and
  religiously?

3
Influences on European History

• What influences did the following people have on
  European History?
• Justinian?
• Charlemagne?

4
Constantinople

• What is the role of this city in the Byzantine
  Empire?
• What is the role of this city in European and
  World History?

5
Caesaropapism

• Power centralized in figure of emperor.
• Christian leader cannot claim divinity, rather
  divine authority.
• Political rule.
• Involved in Religious rule as well.
• Authority absolute.

6
Caesaropapism

• Is the concept of the mixture of religious and
  political authority a strange concept for the
  ancient world?
• What are the future implication of the
  caesaropapist view?
• What are the pros and cons of political-religious
  separation?

7
Imperial Organization

• Themes (provinces) under control of generals.
• Military administration.
• Control from central imperial government.
• Soldiers from peasant class, rewarded with land
  grants.

8
Tensions with Western Europe

• How was Byzantium's authority challenged by the
  Romans in 800 CE?

9
Economy and Society

• Constantinople largest city in Europe.
• From the 5th to 13th century.
• Dependent on small landholders.
• Free peasants.
• Earlier large landholdings destroyed by invasions
  in 6th and 7th centuries.
• Theme system rewards soldiers with land grants.

10
Decline of Free Peasantry

• Large landholdings on the increase.
• Reduces tax revenues.
• Recruits to military.
• Last three centuries indicate steady decline of
  economy.

11
Manufacturing and Trade

• Trade routes bring key technologies.
• Especially the silk industry.
• Who would this impact China?
• Advantage of location causes crafts and industry
  to expand after 6th century.
• Tax revenues from silk route.
• Banking services develop.

12
Urban Life

• Aristocrats
• palaces.
• Artisans
• apartments.
• Working poor
• communal living spaces.
• Hippodrome.
• Chariot races.
• Politically inspired rioting.

13
Christianity andthe Byzantine Church

• How did Christianity spread to Europe?
• How would you describe the Byzantine Churchs
  formation and views of Christianity?

14
Greek Philosophy and Byzantine Theology

• Attempted to reconcile Greek philosophy with
  Judeo-Christianity.
• Constantine established schools to apply
  philosophical methods to religious questions.

15
Schism of 1054

• What is the Schism of 1054?
• Arguments over hierarchy and jurisdiction.
• Autonomy of Patriarchs or Primacy of Rome.
• What does this mean?
• Patriarch of Constantinople and Pope of Rome
  excommunicate each other.
• East Orthodox Church
• West Roman Catholic

16
Challenges to the Empire

• What are the challenges from the West?
• What are the challenges from the East?

17
Influence on Slavic Culture

• Relations from 6th century CE.
• Bulgaria influenced culturally and politically.
• Saints Cyril and Methodius.
• Create Cyrillic alphabet.
• Slavic lands develop orientation to Byzantium.

18
Kievan Rus

• Conversion of Prince Vladimir in 989 CE.
• Byzantine culture influences development of
  Slavic cultures.
• Distinctively Slavic Orthodox church develops.
• Eventual heir to Byzantium.

19
Legacy of the Byzantine Empire

• How is the Byzantine Empire seen as a bridge in
  global history?