Psychoanalytic%20Theories

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Psychoanalytic Theories

• A theory of personality, and a form of
  therapeutic intervention
• based on principle of psychic determinism
  nothing happens by chance
• Freud
• Jung

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The Johari Window
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Freud Structure of Personality

• Id Primitive part of the mind, repository of
  drives, major goal is gratification
• Superego judge or critic (divided into
  conscience and ego-ideal)
• Ego mediates between superego and id
• Eros the life instinct
• Thanatos the death instinct

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Behaviour

• Shaped by ego attempting to reconcile id and
  super-ego
• When ego has difficulty, it produces a series of
  defenses aimed at providing protection and
  gratification simultaneously
• Ego-defenses unconscious manipulation of reality

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Ego Defences

• Repression bar from consciousness the id
  impulse
• Denial blocking external events from awareness
• Asceticism renunciation of all pleasures
• Reaction Formation over-reacting
• Isolation somatizing emotions

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Ego Defences

• Intellectualization stripping emotion from
  difficult or threatening impulse
• Displacement redirection of an impulse to a
  safe substitute
• Projection attribute undesirable wishes to some
  other person
• Regression return to a less mature form

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Ego Defences

• Sublimation transforming unacceptable impulse
  into a productive, socially acceptable form
• What unconscious protection or gratification
  does this client get from insert medical
  condition here

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Developmental Context (Freud)

• Oral Stage 0-18 months
• Anal Stage 18 months - 3 years
• Phallic Stage 3-6 years
• Latency 7-11 years
• Oedipal Phase/Electra Complex

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Application of Psychoanalytic Theory

• Free Association (no intervention)
• Resistance
• Transference
• Counter-transference
• Goal of any therapeutic alliance is to make the
  unconscious, conscious

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Jungs Theory of Personality

• Ego the conscious mind
• Personal Unconscious no instincts
• Collective Unconscious psychic inheritance of
  the human species

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Archetypes of the Collective Unconscious

• The Mother
• Mana spiritual connectedness
• Shadow drive concerned with survival and
  reproduction
• Persona projection of self in public space
• Syzygy consists of Anima and Animus

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Dynamics of the Psyche

• Principle of Opposites
• Principle of Equivalence
• Principle of Entropy
• Synchronicity

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Strengths/Limitations

• Strengths
• - its probably true
• - it works in difficult cases
• - highlights importance of sexuality
• Limitations
• - over-emphasizes psyche, can be paralyzing
• - more theoretical than practical?

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Applications in practice

• Free association provide reason for active
  listening
• Avoid medicalizing all problems
• Patient is author of his/her own life script
• E-ducat to lead out of darkness
• Role of health professional is not content
  download, but assist to self-discovery