PRIMATE EVOLUTION

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PRIMATE EVOLUTION

• Take out a sheet of paper and put your name and
  your lab partners name on it.
• Question 1 How would you and your lab partner
  scientifically respond to the statement that
  humans evolved from monkeys?

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Primate Adaptation Evolution

• Ch. 16, Sec. 1

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Question 2 Based on the pictures from the last
slide or prior knowledge, list 4 characteristics
of all primates.

• Primates group of animals that includes lemurs,
  monkeys, apes, and humans
• Common traits among primates
• Large brains (relative to body size)
• Social interactions
• Flexible shoulder hip joints

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• Opposable Thumb thumb that can cross the palm
  to meet the other fingertips
• Adaptation for griping climbing

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• Binocular Vision both eyes in the front
• Better depth perception, jumping from tree to
  tree
• Color Vision allows primates to find food that
  has most nutrition
• Ex Unripe vs. Ripe fruit

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Question 3 Explain how primate evolution has
played a role in the physical characteristics
they now possess?

• Primates share evolutionary history
• Fossil, Comparative Anatomical, DNA evidence show
  a close relationship
• Primates classified into 2 groups
• Strepsirrhines
• Haplohines

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Question 4 Describe the characteristic you
would use to separate the haplorhines from the
strepsirrhines.
Primate Ancestors
Haplorhines
Strepsirrhines
Anthropoids
Hominoids
Hominids
Old World monkeys
Tarsiers
African apes
New World monkeys
Gibbons
Lorises, Pottos and Galagos
Orangutans
Lemurs
Humans
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Humanlike Primates Evolve

• Anthropoids humanlike primates
• - hominoids
• - New World monkeys
• - Old World monkeys
• Question 5 Why do you and your lab partner
  think that scientists would use the description
  new world and old world to describe the
  monkeys?

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• New World monkeys found in Central South
  America
• Arboreal (live in trees)
• Prehensile Tail can be used as a 5th limb

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• Old World monkeys found in Africa Asia
• No prehensile tail
• Can live in trees or on the ground

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• Hominoids apes humans
• Apes
• No tails, walk on 2 legs w/ support from hands
• Humans
• Large brains, walk upright

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Human Ancestry

• Ch. 16, Sec. 2

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Hominids

• 5-8 mya in Africa a common ancestor branched off
  into 2 groups (chimps humans)
• Supported by DNA evidence, comparison of similar
  proteins
• Question 6 Using 8 million years as a number,
  explain mathematically how many generations you
  are from your earliest ancestors.
• Hominoids primates that can walk on 2 legs
  (gorillas, chimps, bonobos, humans)
• Hominids bipedal primates, only walk on 2 legs

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LICE and Body Hair

• Explain how the evolution of lice is used to
  determine when the ancestors of modern humans
  evolved the loss of body hair.

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Early Hominids

• Australopithecine early hominids w/ apelike and
  humanlike qualities, intermediate between chimp
  and human
• Lucy
• Smaller brains, bipedal

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Modern Humans

• Humans are Homo sapiens
• Other hominids are also classified in the genus
  Homo
• 2.5 mya earliest hominids in the genus Homo

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Question 7 What kinds of inferences can you
draw from looking at the skulls below?
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• http//www.pbs.org/wgbh/aso/tryit/evolution/
• http//dsc.discovery.com/tv/ardipithecus/ardipithe
  cus.html