Human Evolution

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Human Evolution
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Adaptations

• Adaptation Any variation that makes an organism
  better suited to its environment.

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Characteristics of Primates

• Opposable thumbs- to grab and hold objects like
  food or tools

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Characteristics of Primates

• Binocular vision- judge distance and depth

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Characteristics of Primates

• Flexible shoulders- swinging from branch to
  branch or throwing

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Adaptations

• How do these three adaptations give primates an
  evolutionary advantage over other types of
  animals?

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Time Line
Homo sapien Neanderthals 125,000-400,000 ya
Hominids 4-6 mya
Homo habilis 1.5-2 mya

Australopithicus 2.9-3.4 mya
Homo erectus 1.6 mya
Homo sapiens Cro-Magnon 10,000-40,000 ya
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6 million years ago- a common ancestor with other
primates, then we started to evolve separately

• Hominids
• 4-6 mya
• Ate both meat and plants, walked upright, larger
  brains than chimps and apes.
• Found in Africa

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1. Ardi

• Ardipithcus ramidus (root of the ground ape)
• 4.4 mya
• Could move through trees slowly, most likely
  lived on ground and walked on 2 legs
• Africa

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2. Lucy

• Australopithicus africanus (southern man ape)
• 3.4-2.9 mya
• small brain, walked upright, human-like features
• Africa

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Named Lucy because.

• Celebrating their find, the anthropologists
  played Lucy in the Sky with Diamonds over and
  over again.

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3. Handy Man

• Homo habilis
• 2-1.5 mya
• Larger brain, tools found nearby
• Africa

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4. Upright Man

• Homo erectus
• 1.6 mya
• Larger brain, fully upright stance, possibly used
  fire
• Africa, SE Asia, China and possibly Europe

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5. Homo sapiensNeanderthals

• 400,000 years ago
• Short, heavy bodies with thick bones, small chins
  and heavy brow ridges. Lived in caves and used
  stone tools to hunt.
• Africa and Europe
• Disappeared about 30,000 years ago

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6. Homo sapiensCro-Magnon

• 40,000 years ago
• Similar to modern humans, lived in caves, created
  art and buried dead.
• Africa, Europe, Asia, Australia

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7. Homo sapien sapien- wise human

• Modern humans
• 10,000-present day
• Large brain case, high intelligence, very
  sophisticated tool builder, written language
• Found world-wide

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Human Migration out of Africa
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