1
???001???????

• ?????????????

2
????????????

• ?????--????????????
• ????,???????? (altruism)
• ?????(dictator game)????????,???A,????B,A???100?,
  ??????????B,??????Y?,?????,A?100-Y?,B?Y??
• ???????,????????????Y0. ?????????A???????,?Y
  10?,20?,???

3
????????????

• ????,???????????(reciprocity)
• ?????? (ultimatum game)???????????????????B??,??
  ????????????????,
• ????????????Y0. ????? ????A???????,
  ???????????????,?Y30?,40?,???

4
??????????????

• ????????????????????????,?????(??,?Cournot????,???
  ?????, ??????, ????.)
• ????????????,??????????????200????,?????,????????
  ?200??????????????????
• ????????????????????????????????????????????,????
  ??????
• ????????????????,????????????????

5
???001???

• ??????????,?????,?????????????
• ???????????,????????????
• ???????????????????????,??????????????????,??????
  ????????,???????????,???????

6
????(market failure)

• ????????
• ??????????Steven Levitt (??150???Freakonomics
  ???,??????)???????????????,???????????????????????
  ,??????http//www.econ.hku.hk/video/index.html
• It is great to believe in free market, but it
  is bad to have an ideology when you come to
  researchIt is just dangerous to have an ideology
  when you come to a field like economics If there
  is anything in the future the new generation of
  Chicago price theorists should not be ideological
  in the same way that the old generation isThe
  tools are just good at studying market failure

7
????(market failure)

• ????(externality, ??Pigou)
• ???????????????,??????????????????,????????
• ??(91???)??????????(??????)???,???????????,??????
  ???,?????????,???????????
• ???,???????????,???????????(???,??????????????????
  ???????????????)

8
????(market failure)

• ?????Akerlof (2001?????????)
• ??????????,????????????????????,??????????(adverse
  selection)

9
???? ?????
?? ????????, ???????????.
10
??I ????

• ??????????????????.
• ??????????????.
• ???????(?????).

11
??II ???

• ???????????????????,????????????????.
• ?????????? 1/3 30K 2/3 20K 23 .33K
• ?????????? 1/3 25K 2/3 10K 15K
• ?????????!

12
??III ???(???) ??

• ???????????????,????????
• ?????????25K???? (???26K)?
• ?, ???2/3?????????, ?????1/330K 2/320K
  23.33K lt ????.

13
??III ???(???) ??

• ??????22K ???????????
• ?, ?????, ???????????????. ??????, ????20K.
  22K??????.
• ??????20K???. ???????. ????????!!!

14
??III ?????

• ??????????, ???????????.
• ??p?????? . ?????(1-p)x30K px20Kgt25K, ?plt0
  .5????????25K.
• ???2-3????????????, ????10 ???????????.

15
?????

• ??????????????
• ????(????,????,??)
• ??
• ??????????
• ???????

16
?????

• ?????????????
• ????(??????????????,????,???????????)
• ???Milton Friedman(76????) ??????,??????????
• ???????????? Saving Capitalism from the
  Capitalists ??2003??????????,????????????R.G.
  Rajan Luigi Zingales (?????????????,??????)

17
????????

• ?Marshall??????????????(neo-classical
  economics),??????????????
• Keynes?J. Robinson?Amartya Sen (98???)
• Akerlof??????????????????
• 60???????????John Roemer (Yale, analytical
  Marxism, or no bullshit Marxism), Samuel Bowles
  (Santa Fe Institute, U Mass), Herbert Gintis
  (ECU, U Mass), Duncan Foley (New School)

18
????????

• 2000?????????????? post-autistic
  movement,??????????,??????
• ????????
• 2003??700?????????,????001????????Stephen
  Marglin????????,??????????????????????