Physical examination

1
Physical examination

• 1.Inspection
• 2.Palpation
• 3.Percussion
• 4.Auscultation

2
Inspection

• The inverted spider net

3
General survey

• Constitution (e.g. athletic, obese, asthenic)
• Nutritional status
• BMI weight(kg)/height(m)2
• Underweight lt 18.5
• Normal 18.5-24.9
• Overweight 25-29.9
• Obese gt30
• Biological age

4
General survey

• Apparent state of health
• Level of consciousness
• Facial expression
• Motor activity

5
Vital signs

• Blood pressure
• Heart rate and rhythm
• Respiratory rate
• Temperature

6
Investigation of the head and neck

• Shape of the head
• Hair
• Palpebra, periorbital region
• Eye
• Conjunctiva
• Sclera
• Pupil
• Eye movements
• Field of vision

7
Investigation of the head and neck

• Cheek
• Periauricular region
• Nose and lips

8
Investigation of the head and neck

• Mouth
• Tongue
• Fur (coated tongue)
• Alterations
• Movements
• Mucous membranes
• Gingiva
• Bucca
• Pharynx
• Teeth
• Tonsils
• Uvula

9
Investigation of the head and neck

• Temporomandibular articulation
• Lymph nodes
• (localisation, size, number, consistency,
  tenderness, moveable or fixed, the skin above the
  lymph node)
• Occipital
• Periauriculars
• Submandibular
• Submental
• Cervical (before and behind the
  sternocleidomastoid muscle)
• Supraclavicular
• Infraclavicular
• Thyroid gland
• Size, consistency, nodules?

10
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