Chapter 19 Lophophorates Phoronida, brachiopods, bryozoans

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Chapter 19 LophophoratesPhoronida, brachiopods,
bryozoans
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Phylum Phoronida

• Marine organisms that live in sediments

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Phoronida characters

• Filter feeding
• Do not move
• Cilia create current to bring particles to
  tentacles then to mouth
• Metanephridia
• Blood vessel contains blood (w/ hemoglobin)

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Phoronida

• Hermaphroditic
• Sperm released from nephridia, collected by other
  individual
• Embryo actinotroch

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Phylum Brachiopoda

• arm foot
• 2-valve shell
• Marine lophophorates

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Phylum Brachiopoda characters

• At poles or deep marine, permanently attached to
  substrate
• Metanephridia
• Circulatory system w/heart and contractile
  vessels - no blood pigment

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Brachiopoda

• Sperm, eggs discharged from nephridiopores
• Fert external

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Phylum Bryozoa

• Moss animals
• Colonial animals that attach to substrate
• Marine (5000 species) and freshwater (50)
• Fossils (15,000)

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Bryozoa

• Secrete a covering around body
• Asexual repro, hermaphroditic

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Bryozoa

• Sperm into coelomic cavity, released from
  openings in tentacles
• Neighbors collect sperm for fert.
• Some brood embryos

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Digestion

• Phoronids, bryozoans U-shaped
• Brachiopods U-shaped one-way tract

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Nervous systems

• Ring at base of lophophore, around esophagus, or
  by pharynx
• Mechanoreceptors and chemoreceptors scattered