MANIFEST DESTINY

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MANIFEST DESTINY

• WESTWARD EXPANSION

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MANIFEST DESTINY
The belief that the United States was meant to
span from sea to sea
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POLITICAL

• NATIONALISM- Americans loved their country.
  Spread democracy from sea to shining sea!!
• NATIONAL SECURITY- Feared we might be endangered
  by foreign powers. To conquer that fear, conquer
  more land!
• BY FORCE- Expand across the continent. Use force
  if necessary to remove Indians Mexicans.

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ECONOMIC

• FAMILY FARMERS- Dreamed of owning own farms.
  Frontier land was cheap and sometimes free!!
• BUSINESSMEN- Non-farmers could start their own
  business
• UNEMPLOYED- When faced with unemployment in
  cities, they were advised Go West young man!
• SOUTHERN SLAVEHOLDERS- Soil in plantations were
  depleted of minerals. Land ownership associated
  with wealth and political power.
• SEA MERCHANTS- Merchants on the East Coast wanted
  to trade with countries in the Pacific.

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SOCIAL

• RELIGIOUS MISSION- America was destined by God to
  expand its borders.
• WHITE SUPREMACY- White man had the right to
  destroy anything and anyone who got in the way.
  (Indians Mexicans)
• PROGRESS- Could make better use of the land than
  those who occupied it. Brought GOD, technology,
  and civilization.
• OUTLET FOR POPULATION- Population increase due to
  a high birth rate and immigration. Between 1820
  1850, 4 million moved West!

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DONE IN STAGES

• Up to 1776 East Coast Colonies
• After 1783 E. of Mississippi R.
  Treaty of Paris
• After 1787 Great Lakes Ohio R. Valley
  Ordinance of 1787
• After 1803 Mississippi R. Valley Louisiana
  Purchase
• After 1819 Gulf of Mexico War of 1812 /
  Treaty 1819
• After 1835 Oregon The Oregon Trail
• After 1848 California Gold Rush / 49ers
• After 1860 The Great Plains
  Homestead Act of 1862

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Louisiana Purchase
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Famous Explorers

• Lewis Clark (1804)
• President Jefferson sent them to explore the
  Louisiana Territory
• They explored 8,000 miles
• Sacakawea became their guide
• US would claim Oregon

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Explorers

• Zebulon Pike (1806)
• Expeditioner, explorer, and hunter
• A frontier businessman!
• Climbed the Rockies
• These were his favorite!
• Pikes Peak named after him

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DONE IN STAGES

• Up to 1776 East Coast Colonies
• After 1783 E. of Mississippi R.
  Treaty of Paris
• After 1787 Great Lakes Ohio R. Valley
  Ordinance of 1787
• After 1803 Mississippi R. Valley Louisiana
  Purchase
• After 1819 Gulf of Mexico War of 1812 /
  Treaty 1819
• After 1835 Oregon The Oregon Trail
• After 1848 California Gold Rush / 49ers
• After 1860 The Great Plains
  Homestead Act of 1862

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After the War

• Era of Good Feelings
• 1815 to 1825
• Time of peace, pride, and progress
• Nationalism
• Feelings of pride and loyalty to the nation
• All good things must come to an end.

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Read pages 302-303

• Nationalism

• On a notecard, draw an illustration of one of the
  following
• Peace and prosperity in America
• National Bank issuing a single currency
• Easy interstate trade
• Improve roads
• Canals

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Sectionalism brought an end to Nationalism

• Sectionalism
• intense loyalty to a region due to differences
  regarding national issues
• North vs. South vs. West

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Issues Dividing the Nation

• States Rights
• Tariffs
• National Bank
• Internal Improvements
• Slavery
• Admitting new states to the Union
• Slave state or free state
• Missouri Compromise

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DONE IN STAGES

• Up to 1776 East Coast Colonies
• After 1783 E. of Mississippi R.
  Treaty of Paris
• After 1787 Great Lakes Ohio R. Valley
  Ordinance of 1787
• After 1803 Mississippi R. Valley Louisiana
  Purchase
• After 1819 Gulf of Mexico War of 1812 /
  Treaty 1819
• After 1835 Oregon The Oregon Trail
• 1846-1848 The Republic of Texas
  Mexican-American War
• After 1848 California Gold Rush / 49ers

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Explorers

• Jim Bridger (1824)
• A trapper, hunter, fisher, explorer
• Trail guide to the West
• Went out to find the ocean --
• Came across a huge body of water
• and mistook it for the Pacific. It
• was actually the Great Salt Lake!

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Explorers

• John C. Fremont (1840s)
• Explored the region between the
• Rockies and the Pacific Ocean
• Created the 1st official map of the American West
• Nicknamed The Pathfinder
• Led 4 expeditions
• South Pass - mapped a plateau in the Rockies
• Oregon Trail - Found a trail NW of Missouri
  River, across Rockies, and into Oregon
• Great Basin to the Pacific Coast
• Try to find a RR route from Missouri to
  California - didnt work!

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WAR!

• The first major conflict driven by Manifest
  Destiny was war with Mexico.
• Mexican-American War (1846-1848)
• Polk wanted to seize large amounts of Mexican
  land.
• Offered to buy CA and NM for 20 million
• Mexico refused
• This is where the Battle of the Alamo
• comes in Americans will win the war by
• occupying Mexicos capital in Mexico City!

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Other Land Expansions

• Erie Canal (1825)
• 1000 laborers will dig by hand.
• 4 feet deep!
• Connected the North with the West.
• Revolutionized trade and transportation
• California Gold Rush (1848)
• A saw mill was built for a man named Sutter.
• When milling, they found gold!
• Became known as Sutters Mill (near Sacramento,
  CA)
• In 1849, 80,000 prospectors (the 49ers) showed
  up to mine gold.
• The settlers established towns and cities
  (boomtowns) and sped up the drive for statehood.

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Land Deals

• Gadsden Purchase (1853)
• The US bought a little strip of land from Mexico
  for 10 million.
• It lies in southern Arizona and New Mexico.
• It was needed to build the southern route for the
  transcontinental RR.

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Communication in the West

• Transcontinental Telegraph (1861)
• In 1860, the Pony Express was the best form of
  communication.
• Employers wanted orphans (risky job)
• This only lasted 19
• months!
• Replaced by the
• telegraph, which was
• invented by Samuel Morse
• (think Morse Code!)

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Travel in the West

• Transcontinental Railroad (1869)
• Made settlement in the West much easier
• United the Central Pacific and Union Pacific
  railways - Promontory Point, Utah
• Where the 2 railroads met
• A golden spike is driven
• into the railway connecting
• the two.