Energy Transfer In Plants

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Energy Transfer In Plants

• Changing the Suns Energy Into Useable, Stored
  Energy

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All Life Needs Energy!!

• Some life uses a process called chemosynthesis to
  make life possible.
• Bacteria can get energy from thermal vents on the
  ocean floor!!!
• Hydrogen sulfide chemosynthesis -
  CO2O24H2S?CH2O4S3H2O
• But even this depends on photosynthesis!! (O2
  from plants)

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Chloroplast
Sunlight
Plant Cell
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Parts of the Plant Cell
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Life Needs Useable Energy

• Remember!! ATP is the useable form of energy in a
  cell!
• In order for a plant to make ATP they must
  perform 2 processes, Photosynthesis Cellular
  Respiration

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Plants Do BOTH!!

• Photosynthesis with Chloroplasts
• And Cellular Respiration with Mitochondria

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Where Does It Start?

• Photosynthesis begins with Sunlight, when it hits
  the leaves of plants (and some protists or
  bacteria)

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Photosynthesis has 3 stages

1. Capture Light Energy
2. Make Chemical Energy
3. Store Energy In Carbohydrates

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Photosynthesis Stage 1

• Light hits the chloroplast and is absorbed by a
  pigment called chlorophyll
• A pigment is any light absorbing substance

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Stage 1 Continued

• In Stage 1, the energy from the light splits H2O
  into three parts
• Oxygen (O2)
• Hydrogen Ions (H)
• Electrons (e-)

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Photosynthesis Stage 2

• The H and e- are pushed through the electron
  transport chain to make NADPH
• NADPH is like a rechargeable battery

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Photosynthesis Stage 3

• This stage DOES NOT require LIGHT.
• NADPH provides the energy to combine CO2
  molecules into carbohydrates such as glucose
  (C6H12O6)
• This process is called the Calvin Cycle

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Photosynthesis The Reaction
Light

• (6) CO2 (6) H2O C6H12O6 (6) O2

Enzymes
Reactants Carbon Dioxide Water Products
Glucose Oxygen
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Whats Next?

• Some glucose is stored as starch.
• The rest of it goes to the cytoplasm to begin to
  make ATP through Cellular Respiration!!